Evaluation of structural performances of metakaolin based geopolymer concrete

Shilar, Fatheali A.; Ganachari, Sharanabasava V.; Patil, Veerabhadragouda B.; Nisar, Kottakkaran Sooppy

doi:10.1016/j.jmrt.2022.08.020

Cited by 35 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…In contrast, concrete with a lower W/B ratio has a reduced water content, resulting in a smaller amount of internal pressure generated during temperature exposure. As a result, the interfacial transition zone between the binder and filler materials remains more intact, maintaining better strength and minimizing mass loss [50]. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that utilizing concrete with a lower W/B ratio is advantageous in terms of maintaining structural integrity and minimizing strength and mass loss when exposed to elevated temperatures [51].…”

Section: Mass Lossmentioning

confidence: 89%

Residual Properties of Geopolymer Concrete for Post-Fire Evaluation of Structures

Kanagaraj,

Anand,

Andrushia

et al. 2023

Materials

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The research focuses on effectively utilizing industrial by-products, namely fly ash (FA) and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS), to develop sustainable construction materials that can help reduce carbon emissions in the construction industry. Geopolymer mix design using these by-products is identified as a potential solution. The study investigates the impact of different water to binder ratios (W/B) ranging from 0.4 to 0.6 on the residual properties, including compressive strength (CS), of geopolymer concrete (GPC), in accordance with Indian Standard for Alkali activated concrete. Lower W/B ratios were found to result in a more compact and less porous microstructure in the GPC. Additionally, the research explores the post-fire performance of GPC with varying grades (M10, M20, M30, & M40) and different W/B ratios, following the ISO 834 standard fire curve. It was observed that concrete samples exposed to elevated temperatures displayed a more porous microstructure. The mass loss of GPC with 0.4 W/B was found to be 2.3–5.9% and for 0.6 W/B ratio, the loss was found to be 3–6.5%, after exposing to 30-, 60-, 90-, and 120-min of heating. In the case of strength loss, for 0.4 W/B ratio, the loss was 36.81–77.09%, and for 0.6 W/B ratio the loss was 38.3–100%, after exposing to 30-, 60-, 90-, and 120-min of heating. Overall, the findings suggest that optimizing the W/B ratio in geopolymer concrete can enhance its compressive strength, as well as residual properties, and contribute to its suitability as a sustainable construction material. However, the response to elevated temperatures should also be considered to ensure its performance in fire scenarios.

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Section: Mass Lossmentioning

confidence: 89%

Residual Properties of Geopolymer Concrete for Post-Fire Evaluation of Structures

Kanagaraj,

Anand,

Andrushia

et al. 2023

Materials

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“…When used in geopolymer concrete, it may affect properties such as pozzolanic reactivity, strength, and durability. A higher surface area can lead to a higher cation degree of reaction between metakaolin and the activating solution and a compact structure, resulting in a more robust and durable geopolymer [42,43]. As reported in table 7, the optimized metakaolin's Blaine-specific surface area is 8908 cm 2 /g.…”

Section: Morphology and Physical Properties Of Produced Metakaolinmentioning

confidence: 93%

Highly reactive metakaolin: a multi-parameter optimization by response surface methodology

Hamisi,

Jande,

Hilonga

2023

Eng. Res. Express

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Multi-parameter effect consideration during metakaolin conversion gives the best optimum processing conditions. Kaolin deposits have different properties, which makes it vital to establish optimum conditions for a distinctive kaolin deposit. The Response Surface Methodology under Box-Behnken Design has been adopted in the current study to optimize the processing conditions for kaolin-to-metakaolin conversion. The temperature of 765.608 °C, the rate of 9.775°C/min, and 6.465 h of soaking were the optimum conditions for yielding the highly reactive (1382.15mg Ca (OH)2/g) metakaolin. The typical reflections at 2θ of 14.32 and 29.03°attested to the existence of kaolinite in the kaolin sample, which then disappeared in the optimized metakaolin as confirmed by X-ray diffraction. The Fourier-transformation infrared spectroscopy confirmed the existence of kaolinite in the sample with reflections at the bands 3692, 3650, and 3620 cm-1 which disappeared to form a broad band in this region, which validates the formation of reactive amorphous metakaolin.

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“…However, SFKF105 then had a 17% and 25% increase at the 14-and 28-day intervals with 1.8 MPa and 2 MPa, respectively. The integration of MK has been shown to increase the elastic properties of composite materials [50]. This is primarily due to the improvement of uniformity in the matrix.…”

Section: Flexural Strengthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Characterizations of Waste Cardboard Kraft Fibres in the Context of Their Use as a Partial Cement Substitute within Concrete Composites

Haigh¹,

Joseph²,

Sandanayake³

et al. 2022

Materials

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The building and construction industry consumes a significant amount of virgin resources and minimizing the demand with alternative waste materials can provide a contemporary solution. In this study, thermal components of kraft fibres (KFs) derived from waste cardboard are investigated. The mechanical properties containing KFs within concrete composites are evaluated. Metakaolin (MK) and KFs were integrated into concrete samples as a partial substitute for cement. Silica Fume (SF) was applied to the KF (SFKFs) with a view to enhancing the fibre durability. The results indicated that there was a reduction in compressive strength of 44 and 56% when 10% raw and modified KFs were integrated, respectively. Raw, fibre and matrix-modified samples demonstrated a 35, 4 and 24% flexural strength reduction, respectively; however, the tensile strength improved by 8% when the matrix was modified using MK and SFKF. The morphology of the fibres was illustrated using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), with an energy dispersion X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) provision and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) employed to gain insights into their chemical nature. The thermal, calorimetric and combustion attributes of the fibres were measured using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and pyrolysis combustion flow calorimetry (PCFC). SFKFs showed a lower heat release capacity (HRC), demonstrating a lower combustion propensity compared to raw KFs. Furthermore, the 45% decreased peak heat release rate (pHRR) of SFKFs highlighted the overall reduction in the fire hazards associated with these materials. TGA results also confirmed a lower mass weight loss of SFKFs at elevated temperatures, thus corroborating the results from the PCFC runs.

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Evaluation of structural performances of metakaolin based geopolymer concrete

Cited by 35 publications

References 85 publications

Residual Properties of Geopolymer Concrete for Post-Fire Evaluation of Structures

Residual Properties of Geopolymer Concrete for Post-Fire Evaluation of Structures

Highly reactive metakaolin: a multi-parameter optimization by response surface methodology

Thermal Characterizations of Waste Cardboard Kraft Fibres in the Context of Their Use as a Partial Cement Substitute within Concrete Composites

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