Evaluation of Statistics for Macrodiversity Systems Under the Influence of Specific Single Shadowing and Complex Fading

Abstract

Wireless signals often propagate in spaces containing large and small obstacles that affect the quality of such radiation. Obstacles cause a nonnegligible loss of the propagated power. The degradation of the signal quality is described by introducing fading and shadowing effects. A case of a wireless communication system that consists of a macro-level component represented by the selection combiner (SC) and two micro-level components consisting of the maximal ratio combiners (MRC) with [Formula: see text] branches is studied in this paper. The MRC component assumes the presence of a single-base station. The received signal is disturbed by simultaneous impact of the multipath Nakagami-[Formula: see text] fading and gamma shadowing. Consequently, the envelope is described by generalized-[Formula: see text] density function. On the other hand, SC component assumes the presence of two base stations, where the average power of the received signal is described using gamma distribution. The exact closed-form expression is obtained for probability density function of the signal at the output of the system, followed by the corresponding outage probability (Pout). Calculations are depicted graphically expressing influences of different fading values as well as the signal parameters.

Model-Driven Approach to Fading-Aware Wireless Network Planning Leveraging Multiobjective Optimization and Deep Learning

“…As written above, many papers in available literature deal with different types of diversity combining techniques [18,37,38,40,41].…”

“…ereby, some papers deal with microdiversity systems to mitigate multipath fading [18], and others analyze macrodiversity systems to fight against composite fading. Macrodiversity receiver consists of several microdiversity systems, which diminish fast fading, and two or more diversity combiner mitigating shadow effects [38,40,41].…”

“…In [38], the reduction of the signal quality degradation is achieved by introducing macrodiversity system. To mitigate fading and shadowing effects, a wireless system consisting of SC combiner at the macrolevel and two multibranch MRC combiners at the microlevel is introduced.…”

“…In the following, it is important to consider the influence and distribution of composite fading caused due to the simultaneous influence of fast (multipath) fading and slow fading (shadowing) [14,[37][38][39][40][41]. In [39], the K fading model is used to describe composite multipath/shadowing fading channels.…”

Untitled

“…Diversity processing can be accomplished before or after the detection stage (Kumar 2015). There are four diversity processing techniques based on the selection or combining scheme that is used to deal with the received signals: switching, selection, Maximum Ratio Combining (MRC) and Equal-Gain Combining (EGC) diversities techniques (Milic et al 2019).…”