Evaluation of stability and functionality of BaCe1−xInxO3−δ electrolyte in a wider range of indium concentration

Abstract

The properties of BaCe1−xInxO3−δ (x = 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25, 0.30, 0.35, and 0.40) as proton conducting electrolyte are examined. The dense electrolyte is formed after sintering at 1300 °C for 5 h in air. The samples with In content ⩾ 25 mol% contain In2O3 as a secondary phase. The highest total conductivity is around 5×10−3 S/cm for BaCe0.75In0.25O3−δ in the wet hydrogen atmosphere at 700 °C. After exposure to pure CO2 atmosphere at 700 °C for 5 h, the concentrations of at least 15 mol% In can completely suppress degradation of the electrolyte. The power density of Ni—BaCe0.75In0.25O3−δ/BaCe0.75In0.25O3−δ/LSCF—BaCe0.75In0.25O3−δ fuel cell tested in wet hydrogen atmosphere reaches 264 mW/cm2 at 700 °C. This result is an indication of stability and functionality of this electrolyte and its versatility in respect to type of fuel and performing environment.

A review of progress in proton ceramic electrochemical cells: material and structural design, coupled with value-added chemical production

“…204 In 3+ appears to be a well-suited candidate as a source of point defects, while preventing CO 2 corrosion. 205 However, the experimental results demonstrated that In 2 O 3 is produced as a secondary phase in the samples with In contents above 25 mol%. And the total conductivity of BaCe 0.75 In 0.25 O 3− δ (BCI) reached only ∼5.2 × 10 −3 S cm −1 in wet H 2 (∼3% H 2 O) at 700 °C.…”

“…And the total conductivity of BaCe 0.75 In 0.25 O 3− δ (BCI) reached only ∼5.2 × 10 −3 S cm −1 in wet H 2 (∼3% H 2 O) at 700 °C. 205 On the other hand, a Dy-doped BaZrO 3 –BaCeO 3 solid solution system was developed for CO 2 -enhanced H 2 production. 206 The Dy doping not only exhibits superior CO 2 tolerance, but also has a grain boundary conductivity that exceeds that of the Y-doped material.…”

High-temperature transport properties of BaSn1−xScxO3−δ ceramic materials as promising electrolytes for protonic ceramic fuel cells

“…Figure 9(a) demonstrates a significant increase in the relative density of the BaSn 1−x Sc x O 3−δ ceramic samples from 70%±5% to 91%-97% after adding CuO. It is interesting to note that although such a phenomenon was detected for some concentration systems: BaCe 1−x In x O 3−δ [55], BaZr 1−x Y x O 3−δ [56], and BaCe 0.8−x Zr 0.2 In x O 3−δ [57], an increase of the acceptor dopant (scandium) does not result in the improvement of the relative density. The latter is realized due to the formation of O V  , which promotes sinterability to a certain degree.…”

Electrochemical Synthesis of Ammonia via Nitrogen Reduction and Oxygen Evolution Reactions—A Comprehensive Review on Electrolyte-Supported Cells

“…BaZr 0.1 Ce 0.7 Y 0.1 Yb 0.1 is an extensively investigated proton-conducting electrolyte, although some researchers have diverged, advocating other compositions as the most studied [22,45,47]. Some researchers have explored doping with elements such as Nd, Sc, In, and Hf, in addition to Y and Yb, to enhance the stability and sinterability of the electrolyte [22,43,44,46,48,54].…”

“…The conventional box furnace method at 1000-1500 • C with a ramp of 1-5 • C min −1 is typically used for sintering. Spark plasma and microwave sintering have been examined for rapid high-temperature results, with the aim of matching or surpassing the performance of conventional sintering [47,56].…”