Evaluation of spin in the abstracts of systematic reviews and meta-analyses on breast cancer treatment, screening, and quality of life outcomes: A cross-sectional study

Flores, Holly; Kannan, Dhivya; Ottwell, Ryan; Arthur, Wade; Hartwell, Micah; Patel, Nekita; Bowers, Aaron; Po, William; Wright, Drew; Chen, Suhao; Miao, Zhuqi; Vassar, Matt

doi:10.1016/j.jcpo.2020.100268

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 19 publications

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“…After screening if more than 200 systematic reviews or meta-analyses are eligible, articles were randomized using STATA and a convenience sample of the first 200 articles was sequentially extracted. We prespecified in our protocol the inclusion of 200 systematic reviews, as our study is descriptive in nature and this sample size is consistent with previous meta-research studies [16][17][18][19]. When examining the full article after the initial screening, we only included studies pertaining to screening, diagnosis, prognostic values, outcome measures, therapeutic interventions (including prevention and education), and quality of life (postintervention) within an emergency setting.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of spin in the abstracts of emergency medicine systematic reviews and meta-analyses

Ferrell

Schell

Ottwell

et al. 2021

European Journal of Emergency Medicine

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IntroductionThe objective of this study was to assess for spin -a form of reporting that overemphasizes benefits or downplay harms -within abstracts of systematic reviews and meta-analyses related to the clinical practice of emergency medicine (EM).Methods PubMed was searched for systematic reviews and meta-analyses published since 2015 in either EM or general medical journals that examined an aspect of emergency medical care. In a duplicate, masked fashion, article titles and abstracts were screened to determine eligibility based on predetermined inclusion criteria. The included full-text studies were read and evaluated for spin using a previously determined search strategy. Two authors further evaluated study quality using the AMSTAR-2 tool. ResultsOur PubMed search identified 478 systematic reviews and meta-analyses, of which a random sample of 200 was selected for data extraction. Spin within the abstract of the manuscript was identified in 34.5% (69/200) of the included reviews. We identified seven of the nine spin types, with two types being most common:(1) conclusion claiming a benefit despite high risk of bias among studies reviewed (19.5% of abstracts), and (2) conclusion claiming a benefit despite reporting bias (14.5%). No significant associations were found between the presence of spin and any of the evaluated study characteristics, the AMSTAR-2 appraisal, or the journal of publication. ConclusionSpin is commonly present in abstracts of EM systematic reviews. The reporting quality for EM systematic reviews requires improvement. Measures should be taken to improve the overall review process and way information is conveyed through abstracts. European

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of spin in the abstracts of emergency medicine systematic reviews and meta-analyses

Ferrell

Schell

Ottwell

et al. 2021

European Journal of Emergency Medicine

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Effects of music-based interventions on cancer-related pain, fatigue, and distress: an overview of systematic reviews

Trigueros-Murillo,

Martinez-Calderon,

Casuso-Holgado

et al. 2023

Support Care Cancer

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Purpose To summarize the available evidence from systematic reviews with meta-analysis on the effects of music-based interventions in adults diagnosed with cancer. Methods An overview of systematic reviews was conducted. CINHAL, Embase, PEDro, PubMed, Scopus, the Cochrane Library and Web of Science were searched from inception until November 2022. Systematic reviews with meta-analysis in individuals with cancer (any type), any comparator, and outcomes of cancer-related pain, fatigue, and psychosocial symptoms were eligible. The methodological quality of systematic reviews and the amount of spin of information in the abstract were assessed. The Graphical Representation of Overlap for OVErviews tool (GROOVE) was used to explore the overlap of primary studies among systematic reviews. Results Thirteen systematic reviews, with over 9000 participants, containing 119 randomized trials and 34 meta-analyses of interest, were included. Music-based interventions involved passive music listening or patients’ active engagement. Most systematic reviews lacked a comprehensive search strategy, did not assess the certainty in the evidence and discussed their findings without considering the risk of bias of primary studies. The degree of overlap was moderate (5.81%). Overall, combining music-based interventions and standard care seems to be more effective than standard care to reduce cancer-related pain, fatigue, and distress. Mixed findings were found for other psychosocial measures. Conclusion Music-based interventions could be an interesting approach to modulate cancer-related pain, fatigue, and distress in adults with cancer. The variability among interventions, together with important methodological biases, detract from the clinical relevance of these findings.

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Evaluation of “Spin” in the Abstracts of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Focused on Cataract Therapies

Demla

Shinn

Ottwell

et al. 2021

American Journal of Ophthalmology

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Evaluation of spin in the abstracts of systematic reviews and meta-analyses on breast cancer treatment, screening, and quality of life outcomes: A cross-sectional study

Cited by 4 publications

References 19 publications

Evaluation of spin in the abstracts of emergency medicine systematic reviews and meta-analyses

Evaluation of spin in the abstracts of emergency medicine systematic reviews and meta-analyses

Effects of music-based interventions on cancer-related pain, fatigue, and distress: an overview of systematic reviews

Evaluation of “Spin” in the Abstracts of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Focused on Cataract Therapies

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