Evaluation of Soybean Aphid-resistant Soybean Lines

McCarville, Michael T.; O’Neal, Matthew E.; Pecinovsky, Kenneth T.

doi:10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-2218

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…The soybean seeds were planted into the middle two rows at an arbitrary distance into each plot. When the sentinel soybean plants reached the V4 growth stage (30 July 2012, 31 July 2013; S1 July week 4) in the treatments containing interspersed refuges one susceptible and resistant soybean plant were caged according to methods described by McCarville et al. (2012) , and the uncaged resistant and susceptible plants were marked with flags.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effect of an Interspersed Refuge onAphis glycines(Hemiptera: Aphididae), Their Natural Enemies, and Biological Control

Varenhorst

O’Neal

2015

J Econ Entomol

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Soybean production in the north central United States has relied heavily on the use of foliar and seed applied insecticides to manage Aphis glycines (Hemiptera: Aphididae). An additional management strategy is the use soybean cultivars containing A. glycines resistance genes (Rag). Previous research has demonstrated that Rag cultivars are capable of preventing yield loss equivalent to the use of foliar and seed-applied insecticides. However, the presence of virulent biotypes in North America has raised concern for the durability of Rag genes. A resistance management program that includes a refuge for avirulent biotypes could limit the frequency at which virulent biotypes increase within North America. To what extent such a refuge reduces the effectiveness of aphid-resistant soybean is not clear. We conducted an experiment to determine whether a susceptible refuge mixed into resistant soybean (i.e., interspersed refuge or refuge-in-a-bag) affects the seasonal exposure of aphids, their natural enemies, biological control, and yield protection provided by aphid resistance. We compared three ratios of interspersed refuges (resistant: susceptible; 95:5, 90:10, 75:25) to plots grown with 100% susceptible or resistant soybean. We determined that an interspersed refuge of at least 25% susceptible seed would be necessary to effectively produce avirulent individuals. Interspersed refuges had negligible effects on yield and the natural enemy community. However, there was evidence that they increased the amount of biological control that occurred within a plot. We discuss the compatibility of interspersed refuges for A. glycines management and whether resistance management can prolong the durability of Rag genes.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, their availability and adoption is limited, and occasionally economically damaging populations of A. glycines are observed on cultivars containing Rag1 ( Michel et al. 2011 , McCarville et al. 2012 , Hesler et al.…”

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confidence: 99%

The Effect of an Interspersed Refuge onAphis glycines(Hemiptera: Aphididae), Their Natural Enemies, and Biological Control

Varenhorst

O’Neal

2015

J Econ Entomol

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“…Notable examples of aphid resistance genes bred into crop cultivars include barley and wheat cultivars resistant to D. noxia , lettuce cultivars resistant to the lettuce aphid Nasanovia ribis (Moselv), red raspberry cultivars resistant to the large raspberry aphid Amphorophora idaei Borner, sorghum hybrids resistant to S. graminum Rondani and, most recently, soybean cultivars resistant to the soybean aphid Aphis glycines Matsumura …”

Section: Genetics and Inheritance Of Plant Resistance To Aphidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant resistance to aphid feeding: behavioral, physiological, genetic and molecular cues regulate aphid host selection and feeding

Smith

Chuang

2014

Pest Management Science

125

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Aphids damage major world food and fiber crops through direct feeding and transmission of plant viruses. Fortunately, the development of many aphid-resistant crop plants has provided both ecological and economic benefits to food production. Plant characters governing aphid host selection often dictate eventual plant resistance or susceptibility to aphid herbivory, and these phenotypic characters have been successfully used to map aphid resistance genes. Aphid resistance is often inherited as a dominant trait, but is also polygenic and inherited as recessive or incompletely dominant traits. Most aphid-resistant cultivars exhibit constitutively expressed defenses, but some cultivars exhibit dramatic aphid-induced responses, resulting in the overexpression of large ensembles of putative aphid resistance genes. Two aphid resistance genes have been cloned. Mi-1.2, an NBS-LRR gene from wild tomato, confers resistance to potato aphid and three Meloidogyne root-knot nematode species, and Vat, an NBS-LRR gene from melon, controls resistance to the cotton/melon aphid and to some viruses. Virulence to aphid resistance genes of plants occurs in 17 aphid species--more than half of all arthropod biotypes demonstrating virulence. The continual appearance of aphid virulence underscores the need to identify new sources of resistance of diverse sequence and function in order to delay or prevent biotype development.

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“…These findings showed that the soybean aphid possessed potentially significant genetic variability that resulted in virulence, posing a threat to the durability of plant host resistance used to manage this pest. This knowledge prompted soybean breeders to expand their search for new host resistance sources (Hill et al, 2017) and develop genetic strategies to improve the durability of host resistance genes, such as pyramiding multiple resistance genes together within soybean cultivars (McCarville et al, 2014;Ajayi-Oyetunde et al, 2016), to retard the adaptation to host resistance and slow the erosion of resistance efficacy. Multiple Rag genes have been mapped in soybean and several commercial varieties with Rag1, Rag2 and Rag1+2 are commercially available (McCarville et al, 2014;Hesler et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soybean aphid biotype 1 genome: Insights into the invasive biology and adaptive evolution of a major agricultural pest

Giordano

Donthu

Zimin

et al. 2020

Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

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The soybean aphid, Aphis glycines Matsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is a serious pest of the soybean plant, Glycine max, a major world-wide agricultural crop. We assembled a de novo genome sequence of Ap. glycines Biotype 1, from a culture established shortly after this species invaded North America. 20.4% of the Ap. glycines proteome is duplicated. These in-paralogs are enriched with Gene Ontology (GO) categories mostly related to apoptosis, a possible adaptation to plant chemistry and other environmental stressors. Approximately one-third of these genes show parallel duplication in other aphids. But Ap. gossypii, its closest related species, has the lowest number of these duplicated genes. An Illumina GoldenGate assay of 2380 SNPs was used to determine the world-wide population structure of Ap. Glycines. China and South Korean aphids are the closest to those in North America. China is the likely origin of other Asian aphid populations. The most distantly related aphids to those in North America are from Australia. The diversity of Ap. glycines in North America has decreased over time since its arrival. The genetic diversity of Ap. glycines North American population sampled shortly after its first detection in 2001 up to 2012 does not appear to correlate with geography. However, aphids collected on soybean Rag experimental varieties in Minnesota (MN), Iowa (IA), and Wisconsin (WI), closer to high density Rhamnus cathartica stands, appear to have higher capacity to colonize resistant soybean plants than aphids sampled in Ohio (OH), North Dakota (ND), and South Dakota (SD). Samples from the former states have SNP alleles with high FST values and frequencies, that overlap with genes involved in iron metabolism, a crucial metabolic pathway that may be affected by the Rag-associated soybean plant response. The Ap. glycines Biotype 1 genome will provide needed information for future analyses of mechanisms of aphid virulence and pesticide resistance as well as facilitate comparative analyses between aphids with differing natural history and host plant range.

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Evaluation of Soybean Aphid-resistant Soybean Lines

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

The Effect of an Interspersed Refuge onAphis glycines(Hemiptera: Aphididae), Their Natural Enemies, and Biological Control

The Effect of an Interspersed Refuge onAphis glycines(Hemiptera: Aphididae), Their Natural Enemies, and Biological Control

Plant resistance to aphid feeding: behavioral, physiological, genetic and molecular cues regulate aphid host selection and feeding

Soybean aphid biotype 1 genome: Insights into the invasive biology and adaptive evolution of a major agricultural pest

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