Evaluation of sodium silicate/urea gels used for water shut-off treatments

Nasr‐El‐Din, Hisham A.; Taylor, K.C.

doi:10.1016/j.petrol.2005.06.010

Cited by 66 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…At 50°C, the gelation time was 162 h; it was reduced to 45 h when the temperature was 80°C; with the temperature further increased to 90°C, the gelation time correspondingly decreased to only 30 h. A possible explanation for the reduction of the gelation time is that the increase of temperature accelerates the crosslinking reaction rate between polymer and cross-linker molecules because of the endothermic nature of the gelation reaction. 36,37 The effect of temperature on the gelation time can be represented using the modified Arrhenius Equation 26 =…”

Section: Energy and Fuelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gelation Study on a Hydrophobically Associating Polymer/Polyethylenimine Gel System for Water Shut-off Treatment

et al. 2015

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A gel system has been widely used in many mature oilfields for water shut-off treatment. In the present study, the hydrophobically associating polymer (HAP) was cross-linked with the polyethylenimine (PEI) to form a HAP/PEI gel system which contains 0.35 wt % HAP and 0.60 wt % PEI. Gelation behaviors of the HAP/PEI gel formed in bottle and in core were studied, respectively. Results show that the gelation behaviors of the gel system were greatly affected by the concentration of HAP and that of PEI. The addition of the sodium chloride or calcium chloride generally resulted in a decrease of the apparent viscosity and an extension of the gelation time. However, a low concentration of sodium chloride led to a slight increase of the gel viscosity in bottle due to the intensification of the hydrophobic association. The rock skeleton of the core had a great effect on the gelation behavior. Compared with the results obtained in bottle, the apparent viscosity of the HAP/PEI gel system in core was obviously reduced, and the gelation time in core was extended two times or even longer. Both the gelation times achieved in bottle and in core decreased with the increase of temperature following the relationship of Arrhenius-type. The activation energy of the HAP/PEI gel system was 41.57 kJ/mol in bottle but increased to 60.95 kJ/mol in core. Data collected from the core flowing tests present a favorable shut-off performance and a strong wash-out resistance of the HAP/PEI gel system. In addition, the in-depth flow diversion and water permeability reduction were two main mechanisms of this gel system for water shut-off treatment.

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Section: Energy and Fuelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gelation Study on a Hydrophobically Associating Polymer/Polyethylenimine Gel System for Water Shut-off Treatment

et al. 2015

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“…Finally, the curves of recovery ratio versus PV of injected fluid were drawn to check the influence of particulate on recovery ratio. 26 Table I gives the experimental data of the particle distribution of the composite particulates E5 and G6, both of which were prepared by the same manner. On the basis of Table I and the formula 1 in the experimental section, the average diameter and standard deviation of both particulates were calculated to be 77.76 mm and 2.16%, respectively.…”

Section: Coreflood Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of copolymeric particulates for oilwell in‐depth performance control

Huang

Chen

et al. 2006

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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The properties of two copolymeric particulates used for oilwell in-depth performance control were investigated systematically. The lab-scale studies showed that the average diameter of these particulates (E5 and G6) is 77.76 mm with the standard deviation of 2.16%. The two particulates exhibit good dilatability when immersed in 20 Â 10 4 mg/L NaCl solution. Their capability of water retention (150 days) was 90% at 808C. In addition, they exhibited good injectivity, driving performance and plug, and satisfied toughness index. The diffluence experiments confirmed that the coefficient of the profile modification were 85.7, 98.7, 86.1, and 98.1% when the permeability levels were 4.05 and 15.0, respectively. When using the two particulates, the average recovery ratio can reach 21%. The procedures mentioned earlier could be used as industry criteria to evaluate all kinds of particulate used as in-depth performance controllers.

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“…Depending on the plugging effect, chemical blocking agents can be divided into non-selective and selective water plugging agent. With the ever-increasing demand of cleaner production and environmental protection, selective water blocking agents become more and more popular and large quantities of water plugging agents are prepared and have been common used in oil field, such as oilbased cement, organosilicane resin, phenolic resin, foamy plugging agents and so on [5][6][7][8]. However, all of them exhibited have the shortages, such as less-thanideal selectivity, high cost, and so on, which greatly limit their application.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Mechanism of a Novel Organosilicone Used as a Selective Plugging Agent

Hou¹,

Li²,

Luo³

2015

JRST

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A novel selective blocking agent called PLA-21 was prepared by acrylamide (AM), Acrylic Acid (AA), diallyldimethylammonium chloride (DMDAAC) and 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) in aqueous solution with organosilicon(WD-70) as cross-linking agent. The optimal synthesis conditions were discussed detailedly. The experimental results showed that its water plugging rate was higher than 95% and plugging rate of oil was less than 10%, which demonstrated excellent selective plugging ability. Meanwhile, cores with different permeability can be blocked effectively. Compared with some common selective blocking agents, it was found that the PLA-21 satisfied engineering demand better and it was an effective selective blocking agent for oil filed application. FTIR and EDS show PLA-21 was synthesized successfully and it contains anion group, cationic groups, nonionic groups and silicon. SEM was used to research and analyze the mechanism of selective plugging. It indicates that PLA-21 can expand sharply in water and shirk in oil, which making it good selective blocking efficiency.

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Evaluation of sodium silicate/urea gels used for water shut-off treatments

Cited by 66 publications

References 14 publications

Gelation Study on a Hydrophobically Associating Polymer/Polyethylenimine Gel System for Water Shut-off Treatment

Gelation Study on a Hydrophobically Associating Polymer/Polyethylenimine Gel System for Water Shut-off Treatment

Application of copolymeric particulates for oilwell in‐depth performance control

Synthesis and Mechanism of a Novel Organosilicone Used as a Selective Plugging Agent

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