Evaluation of shrinking core model in leaching process of Pomalaa nickel laterite using citric acid as leachant at atmospheric conditions

Wanta, Kevin Cleary; Perdana, Indra; Petrus, Himawan Tri Bayu Murti

doi:10.1088/1757-899x/162/1/012018

Cited by 16 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…From the result, it is shown that the maximum recovery of all metals was achieved on ore size of 100-120 mesh with the maximum recovery of Ni at 1.37%, Fe at 0.10%, Al at 0.72% and Mg at 0.62%. The kinetic of leaching process of nickel laterite ore itself followed shrinking core model (SCM) with reactant diffusion through the ash layer as the ratecontrolling step [2,5].…”

Section: Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Leaching method of laterite ore is very dependent of its content. For ore with high iron content, the reduction method is used ore if the nickel content is high enough, it is better for hydrometallurgical method using organic acid [4], [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous work have assessed that for the leaching process of nickel laterite, diffusion is the rate-controlling step in the process [2], [5]. This work is focused on the effect of pulp density and particle size of laterite ore on the leaching process of Pomalaa nickel laterite.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of pulp density and particle size on indirect bioleaching of Pomalaa nickel laterite using metabolic citric acid

Petrus

Wanta

Setiawan

et al. 2018

IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng.

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Abstract. Nickel laterite ore contains oxide of iron, aluminum or both with nickel, cobalt and chromium which can be leached out using hydrometallurgical process. For the purpose of meeting the world's increasing demand of nickel, there is a need to invent environmentally friendly process to efficiently leach nickel. This experiment used nickel laterite ore obtained from Pomalaa, South Sulawesi. The leaching agent is metabolic citric acid produced by Aspergillus niger under optimum condition. Leaching process was done in three-necked flask in atmospheric temperature and constant stirring speed of 200 rpm. The variable examined in the experiment was pulp density and particle size of nickel laterite ore. Samples were taken at 3, 7, 10, 14, and 17 minutes and then filtered and diluted to be analyzed using ICP-AES. The result of the experiment showed the maximum recovery of metals increase with the decrease of the pulp density. The maximum recovery for varying pulp density were at 5% solid/liquid ratio and the recovery were Ni at 1.63%, Al at 0.47%, Fe at 0.23% and Mg at 1.09%. The effect of particle size on leaching process showed that the leaching process follows the shrinking core model. The maximum recovery of metals at particle size were at 100-120 mesh with Ni at 1.37%, Fe at 0.10%, Al at 0.72% and Mg at 0.62%.

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Section: Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of pulp density and particle size on indirect bioleaching of Pomalaa nickel laterite using metabolic citric acid

Petrus

Wanta

Setiawan

et al. 2018

IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng.

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“…The shrinking core (SC) model illustrates that the reaction occurs first in the outer shell of the particle and then the reaction area moves to areas that don't react more deeply. The reaction area occurs at ash layer assumed to be inert [12]. Macro-scale shrinking core models have been used in solid-liquid reactions with conventional heating and successfully applied to experimental data for aluminum leaching from water treatment sludge and peat clay [3], [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A modified shrinking core model for microwave-assisted leaching of aluminum from peat clay

Hairullah

Mirwan

Putra

et al. 2022

IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng.

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Aluminum oxide in peat clay has the potential to be used as a catalyst, coagulant, and adsorbent for the water treatment process. The usefulness of aluminum oxide in peat clay is enhanced by the leaching process. Aluminum was leached from peat clay in a variety of microwave power, HCl concentrations, and particle size. The effect of the microwave leaching parameters on the aluminum leaching rate was observed. The shrinking core (SC) model used in microwave-assisted leaching was assumed a pseudo steady state with chemical reactions. Effective diffusivity (De), mass transfer coefficient (kc), and reaction rate constants (k) are used as fitting parameters. The best fitting parameters De, kc , and k obtained 0.0049 cm2/s, 2.49 cm/s, and 10.5 cm/s, respectively. The comparison of experimental data and model calculations shown that the SC model can describe experimental data well for all microwave-assisted leaching conditions. Precious information on the results of this research can be given for the goal of the scaling-up and design of the microwave assisted leaching process.

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“…As a weak acid, citric acid (C 6 H 8 O 7 ) partially dissociates in water to form hydrogen ions and its conjugate base, citrate, which is readily biodegradable in aerobic and anaerobic environments [12,14,15] and is commonly used as a raw material in the manufacturing/food and beverage industry and thus, is readily available as a bulk commodity and may be public acceptable due to common use in food products. The role of citric acid in metal mobilisation from tailings has been investigated more widely than methanesulfonic acid, for example, by Burckhard et al [22], and the efficacy of citric acid in remedial application has been previously investigated in relation to the leaching of metal-contaminated soils, e.g., in references [12,23], and for hydrometallurgical application in Ni-bearing lateritic/saprolitic ores [24][25][26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards Greener Lixiviants in Value Recovery from Mine Wastes: Efficacy of Organic Acids for the Dissolution of Copper and Arsenic from Legacy Mine Tailings

Crane

Sapsford

2018

Minerals

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In many cases, it may be possible to recover value (e.g., metals, land) from legacy mine wastes and tailings when applying leaching-based remediation such as dump/heap leaching or in-vessel soil washing. However, if the lixiviant used has the potential to cause environmental damage upon leakage, then this approach will have limited practicability due to actual or perceived risk. This study focused on comparing the efficacy of organic acids, namely methanesulfonic (CH3SO3H) and citric (C6H8O7) acid, with mineral acids, namely sulfuric (H2SO4) and hydrochloric (HCl) acid, for the dissolution of Cu and As from mine tailings. The advantage of the former acid type is the fact that its conjungate base is readily biodegradable which should thereby limit the environmental impact of accidental spill/leakage (particularly in non-carbonate terrain) and might also be directly useful in capture/recovery systems coupled with percolation leaching (e.g., as an electron donor in sulphate-reducing bioreactors). The operational factors acid concentration, leaching time, mixing intensity and solid–liquid ratio, were tested in order to determine the optimum conditions for metal dissolution. HCl, H2SO4, and CH3SO3H typically exhibited a relatively similar leaching ability for As despite their different pKa values, with dissolutions of 58%, 56%, 55%, and 44% recorded for H2SO4, HCl, CH3SO3H, and C6H8O7, respectively, after 48 h when using 1 M concentrations and a 10:1 L:S ratio. For the same conditions, H2SO4 was generally the most effective acid type for Cu removal with 38% compared to 32%, 29% and 22% for HCl, CH3SO3H and C6H8O7. As such, CH3SO3H and C6H8O7 demonstrated similar performances to strong mineral acids and, as such, hold great promise as environmentally compatible alternatives to conventional mineral acids for metal recovery from ores and waste.

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Evaluation of shrinking core model in leaching process of Pomalaa nickel laterite using citric acid as leachant at atmospheric conditions

Cited by 16 publications

References 2 publications

Effect of pulp density and particle size on indirect bioleaching of Pomalaa nickel laterite using metabolic citric acid

Effect of pulp density and particle size on indirect bioleaching of Pomalaa nickel laterite using metabolic citric acid

A modified shrinking core model for microwave-assisted leaching of aluminum from peat clay

Towards Greener Lixiviants in Value Recovery from Mine Wastes: Efficacy of Organic Acids for the Dissolution of Copper and Arsenic from Legacy Mine Tailings

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