Evaluation of serum apelin‐13 and apelin‐36 concentrations in preeclamptic pregnancies

Abstract

Aim Recent studies suggest that apelin can be a novel potential therapeutic mediator to improve the diagnosis, and treatment of preeclampsia. This study aimed to investigate the association of serum apelin‐13 and apelin‐36 with preeclampsia and to detect their relationship with preeclampsia‐associated perinatal morbidity. Methods Forty‐four women with preeclampsia were included as the study group. Forty‐four healthy pregnant women, at similar gestational week with similar gravidity, formed the control group. The clinical findings, biochemical indicators, maternal and perinatal outcomes, and the serum concentrations of apelin‐36 and apelin‐13 were evaluated. The levels of apelin‐13 and apelin‐36 were determined with commercial kits using a competition‐based enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay method. Results The mean gestational age at sampling was 35.77 ± 2.515 weeks in the preeclamptic group, 36.45 ± 2.057 weeks in the control group (P = 0.270). Maternal serum apelin‐36 and apelin‐13 concentrations were significantly lower in patients with preeclampsia compared to the individuals in the control group (P = 0.030 and P = 0.005, respectively). The optimal cut‐off points of apelin‐36 and apelin‐13 measurements for discriminating between preeclampsia and controls were evaluated by the receiver–operator curve analysis. The results showed that apelin‐13 and apelin‐36 are moderately successful markers to differentiate subjects with preeclampsia from healthy pregnant women. The concentrations of apelin‐13 and apelin‐36 in both groups were not statistically different in cases with and without adverse fetal/neonatal outcomes. Conclusion In conclusion, we investigated serum apelin‐13 and apelin‐36 concentrations in preeclamptic patients and demonstrated markedly lower maternal concentrations compared to healthy pregnant women.

Correlation between Apelin and Some Angiogenic Factors in the Pathogenesis of Preeclampsia: Apelin-13 as Novel Drug for Treating Preeclampsia and Its Physiological Effects on Placenta

“…e results of our study showed a significant decrease in apelin circulating level in the PE group compared to the normal pregnant group. is agrees with the results of Deniz et al [27] and Gürlek et al [28], but contradicted by other studies which detect higher apelin circulating levels in preeclampsia [9,13]. at may be because different studies have investigated different isoforms of apelin [28].…”

The Role of the Adipokines in the Most Common Gestational Complications

“…However, they did not find any relationship between maternal obesity and apelin levels [216]. Furthermore, it was reported that there was not any association between late-pregnancy maternal apelin levels and the incidence of adverse perinatal outcomes (SGA, FGR, preterm deliveries, and admission to neonatal intensive care units) in either preeclamptic patients or healthy pregnant women [224]. In contrast, Van Mieghem et al reported that they found significantly lower apelin levels in pregnancies complicated with fetal growth restriction [242].…”

“…However, there is a strong negative correlation between blood pressure values and apelin levels [222], and a reverse correlation with BMI [224]. The ROC analyses revealed that apelin has poor reliability as a diagnostic tool in the exclusion of preeclampsia-sensitivity (61-64%) and specificity (61-73%, AUC (0.63-0.67)) [224].…”

“…It has been established that serum apelin levels were significantly decreased among patients with preeclampsia [222][223][224][225]. Moreover, alternations in apelin levels were also identified between the groups of patients diagnosed with mild and severe preeclampsia [222,226].…”

“…On the contrary, some authors report significantly higher serum apelin levels among preeclamptic women or no difference in apelin levels in patients with mild and severe preeclampsia [227,229,230]. However, there is a strong negative correlation between blood pressure values and apelin levels [222], and a reverse correlation with BMI [224]. The ROC analyses revealed that apelin has poor reliability as a diagnostic tool in the exclusion of preeclampsia-sensitivity (61-64%) and specificity (61-73%, AUC (0.63-0.67)) [224].…”