Evaluation of Serological Tests for Detection of Antibodies against Lumpy Skin Disease Virus

Krešić, Nina; Bedeković, Tomislav; Acinger-Rogić, Žaklin; Lojkić, Ivana

doi:10.1128/jcm.00348-20

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(44 reference statements)

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“…Challenge test is used for testing potency of the vaccines, and it was carried out in vaccinated calves (as a main host for LSDV) by calculating the difference in titer (between control positive and vaccinated challenged calves in each group) of the inoculum (virulent LSDV) which developed specific lesion, the results for live attenuated LSDV vaccines batches indicated a protective titer for the three batches where the minimum protective result is >log 10 2.5 as recommended by OIE 1 , and for the live attenuated SPPV vaccine batches indicated only first and third batches are protective with border titer limit but second batch didn't reach protective titer, and that indicated that live attenuated LSDV vaccine is more protective than live attenuated SPPV vaccine against LSDV. These results agreed with Hamdi 22 who used virulent LSDV in challenge of two groups of calves, one group vaccinated with Romanian SPPV vaccine and the other with Neethling LSDV vaccine and reported that Romanian SPPV vaccine provide partial protection against LSDV while Neethling LSDV vaccine provide fully protection against LSDV, also recombinant LSDV vaccine (LSD-Rift Valley Fever.mf vaccine) was used in two groups of calves, one group challenged by virulent LSDV and other group by virulent Rift Valley Fever Virus and recorded that tested vaccine is safe and protective for both diseases 25 , and Neethling vaccine is reported significantly more effective than x10 RM65 Sheep Pox vaccine strain in preventing LSD morbidity 26 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…These results reflect that live attenuated LSDV vaccine achieved best results in titer and number of batches reaching the positive titer, but we must put in consideration if the antibody is low it doesn't reveal that the animal isn't definitely protected as commented by OIE 1 which clarify the conflict in results of SNT and challenge test as this disease mainly depend on cellular immunity and the VNT or SNT only tests the positivity. Neutralization test is used for evaluation of humoral immune response for LSDV as recommended by OIE, as it was applied by other similar studies for evaluation of serum samples of cattle vaccinated by live attenuated SPPV vaccine against LSDV 16 , also applied by Christine 21 who used it in evaluation calves vaccinated by Attenuated Sheep Pox and Inactivated Lumpy Skin Disease Vaccines against Lumpy Skin Disease, and used in evaluation of the cross-protection between Sheep pox and bovine Lumpy skin vaccines in vaccinated sheep 22 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative study between lumpy skin disease virus and sheep pox virus vaccines against recent field isolate of lumpy skin disease virus

Shafik

Khafagy

et al. 2021

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Lumpy Skin Disease (LSD) is a vector born disease of cattle, caused by Lumpy Skin Disease Virus (LSDV), there is antigenic relationship between LSDV, Sheeppox virus (SPPV) and Goat pox virus GTPV within a genus Capripoxvirus, accordingly it can be used homologous or heterologous Capripoxvirus strains for vaccination of cattle against LSD. This study compare the efficacy of live attenuated Neethling LSDV vaccine and live attenuated Romanian SSPV Vaccine against recent circulating LSDV field isolate. The evaluation was done in calves as the main host of LSD, through using three different batches for each vaccine type. Experimental calf groups were vaccinated with vaccines batches, and after 21 days serum samples were collected for evaluation of humoral immune response by using SNT and commercial ELISA technique, then the vaccinated calves were challenged by virulent LSDV field isolate. The results of SNT for vaccinated calves by LSDV vaccines indicated mean neutralizing antibody titer 1.2, 1.6 and1.5 log10 for the batches 1, 2 and 3 respectively, while vaccinated calves by SPPV vaccines indicated 1.05, 1.05 and 1.5 log10 for the batches 1,2 and 3 respectively; the ELISA mean sample to positive (S/P) percentage for the vaccine batches 1, 2 and 3 of LSDV were 40, 45 and 42% respectively and for SPPV vaccine batches 1,2 and 3 were 35, 37 and 40 % respectively, the challenge test indicated mean difference titer for the groups of calves vaccinated with LSDV vaccine were 4.2, 4.5 and 3.8 log10 and for groups vaccinated with SPPV vaccine were 2.6, 2 and 2.65 log10 respectively, it was concluded that potential using of Neethling LSDV vaccine against LSD is superior for combating and prevention of the lumpy skin disease.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative study between lumpy skin disease virus and sheep pox virus vaccines against recent field isolate of lumpy skin disease virus

Shafik

Khafagy

et al. 2021

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“…Virus neutralization test (VNT) was also examined for the same sera. The test was performed in 96-microwell plates (Nunc, Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA) and titers were expressed as the logarithm (base 10) of the reciprocal of the last dilution of serum that neutralized 100× TCID 50 of the virus in 50% of the wells (Krešić et al, 2020 ; WOAH, 2022a ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergency vaccination of cattle against lumpy skin disease: Evaluation of safety, efficacy, and potency of MEVAC® LSD vaccine containing Neethling strain

Bazid

Wasfy²,

Fawzy

et al. 2022

Vet Res Commun

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Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is an emerging disease of cattle causing significantly high economic losses. Control of LSD depends on the use of homologous attenuated LSD virus strains isolated originally from South Africa (the Neethling strain). The virus belongs to the genus Capripoxvirus, which includes sheep pox virus and goat pox virus. The present study was conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a new live attenuated LSD vaccine produced by Middle East for Vaccines (MEVAC®) based on the Neethling strain. Tests were performed both in Egypt and Vietnam. Safety was evaluated by inoculation of five cattle with 10 times the recommended dose and observation of the animals for 14 days. Immunogenicity was tested at different periods post-vaccination (PV) in animals receiving the recommended doses of the vaccine using ELISA and virus neutralization test. Five cows were used to determine the protection index (PI) and non-vaccinated control cattle were included. Three calves were challenged by intradermal inoculation of the wild virus (5 × 105 TCID50) 28 days PV. Field or mass vaccination experiments were conducted in Vietnam during national campaigns in the summer of 2021 with 4301 vaccinated animals closely monitored after vaccination. In the field, around 2% (80/4301) of the animals showed hyper-reactivity, and 0.6% (24/4301) showed small skin swellings that disappeared within few hours PV. Abortion was recorded in three animals (0.3% 3/867). Challenged animals were resistant to clinical disease and PI value was 3.5 log10. Meanwhile, antibody levels determined by the ELISA were inconsistent among animals and laboratories during the study period. Overall, the findings point to a new safe and effective LSD vaccine.

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“…A virus serotype is usually defined by virus neutralization. For example, there are 25-29 BTV serotypes based on neutralization assay [8], [9].…”

Section: C) Virus Neutralization Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Animal Viral Diseases Diagnosis In Qatar: Current Situation and Future Prospects

et al. 2022

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Identification and control of viruses that causes diseases in human, domestic and wild animals represent continuous challenges to medical and veterinary sciences. Many diagnostic techniques have for a long time been used to identify individual infectious viral agents by their clinical signs , symptoms and histopathological changes produced in the susceptible host. But it is not always possible to identify or differentiate the disease on the basis of its signs symptoms and pathology, it thus requires use of other specific diagnostic procedures to clearly identify and confirm the pathogens These procedures involve both conventional as well as state of the art techniques. Several conventional techniques such as isolation in cell culture, serology for both antibody and antigen detection are traditionally used to identify viral pathogens. However, the rapid molecular detection techniques of infectious agents in animals as well as in environment have nowadays become an essential part of any modern diagnostic laboratory. Molecular diagnostic technologies are more advantageous as they offer more sensitive, less time consuming, with high throughput results and provide accurate diagnosis and provide thorough understanding of and discrimination of present and emerging diseases. In addition, these new tools can detect the presence of pathogen before the onset of clinical disease. Here we discuss some aspects of the current and contemplated diagnostic tools and their potential applications for diagnosis of viral diseases of domestic and wild animals in Qatar.

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Evaluation of Serological Tests for Detection of Antibodies against Lumpy Skin Disease Virus

Cited by 13 publications

References 20 publications

Comparative study between lumpy skin disease virus and sheep pox virus vaccines against recent field isolate of lumpy skin disease virus

Comparative study between lumpy skin disease virus and sheep pox virus vaccines against recent field isolate of lumpy skin disease virus

Emergency vaccination of cattle against lumpy skin disease: Evaluation of safety, efficacy, and potency of MEVAC® LSD vaccine containing Neethling strain

Animal Viral Diseases Diagnosis In Qatar: Current Situation and Future Prospects

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