Evaluation of Self-Mixing Interferometry Performance in the Measurement of Ablation Depth

Demir, Ali Gökhan; Colombo, Paolo; Norgia, M.; Previtali, Barbara

doi:10.1109/tim.2016.2596038

Cited by 23 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…29 The four basic measurements outlined above can be considered as the building blocks of many additional applications, in mechanical engineering as well as in other field of physical measurements and of biology or medicine. 21 For example, the basic displacement scheme can be finalized to: (i) the real-time measurement of ablation depth 30 and (ii) become a velocimeter 31 when we look at the frequency content of the interferometric phase measured by the SMI, ϕ ¼ 2 ks, (k ¼ 2π∕λ being the wavenumber) whose time derivative dϕ∕dt ¼ 2 kds∕dt is just proportional to velocity, and also (iii) a flow meter [32][33][34][35] when we aim to a fluid in flow in front of the SMI, and (iv) a thickness meter. 36,37 Further applications have been successfully demonstrated and, for sake of saving space, we address the reader to a review paper 38 on SMI for a more exhaustive overview.…”

Section: 23)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of self-mixing interferometer applications to mechanical engineering

Donati

Norgia

2018

Opt. Eng.

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We present an overview of the applications of self-mixing interferometer (SMI) to tasks of interest for mechanical engineering, namely high-resolution measurement of linear displacements, measurements of angles (tilt, yaw, and roll), measurements of subnanometer vibrations, and absolute distance, all on a remote target-representative of the tool-carrying turret of a tool-machine. Along with the advantages of SMI-compactness, low cost, minimum invasiveness, ease of use, and good accuracy, we illustrate the typical performance achieved by the basic SMI sensors, that is, the versions requiring a minimum of signal processing and discuss special features and problems of each approach.

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Section: 23)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of self-mixing interferometer applications to mechanical engineering

Donati

Norgia

2018

Opt. Eng.

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“…ELF-MIXING (SM) or optical feedback interferometry [1,2], is being increasingly employed for measuring displacement [3,4], distance [5,6], velocity [7], vibration [8], flow [7], and refractive index [9] etc. providing compact, lowcost, contactless, and self-aligned instrumentation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Multimodal Fringes for Self-Mixing-Based Vibration Measurement

Usman

Zabit

Bernal

et al. 2020

IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas.

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Correct detection of interferometric fringes is necessary to enable high resolution metric measurements using laser diode (LD) based self-mixing (SM) interferometry. For noisy, experimentally acquired SM signals, fringe detection is a challenge even when the LD remains mono-modal. This task becomes more complicated in case multiple laser modes undergo SM. In this paper, a novel SM fringe detection method is proposed which correctly processes multi-modal as well as typically encountered mono-modal SM signals. As SM fringes appear as local signal peaks in SM signals, so the proposed method uses peak detection to detect all-possible local peaks within the SM signal. Then, it successively refines its performance by removing false peaks (fringes) by analyzing corresponding SM fringe characteristics. In order to validate the proposed method for SM vibration sensing, several mono-, bi-, and tri-modal SM signals were acquired by using two different LDs normally emitting at 637 nm and 650 nm respectively. The proposed method is also tested on experimental SM signals corresponding to cases of variation in frequency as well as amplitude of remote target vibration. The proposed method has correctly detected 10786 fringes out of total 10844 fringes making up the data-set i.e. an accuracy of 99.46%. However, 55 false fringes were also detected (0.51%) while 58 true fringes were undetected (0.54%) by the proposed method.

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“…S elf-mixing interferometry (SMI) in laser diodes (LD) is a wellknown measurement technique [1][2][3], used in instrument for vibration and displacement analysis of a remote target [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11], and for the measurement of LD parameters [12][13]. SMI has been employed successfully in industrial [14][15][16][17], biomedical [18,19] and consumer applications [20]. In an SMI, the weak optical back-reflection from a remote target reentering the LD cavity perturbs the optical field, generating modulations of it.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%