Evaluation of selection material and forecasting of heterosis in the early stages of sugar beet (Beta Vulgaris l.) Plants

Abstract

To conduct successful selective work aimed at high-yielding sugar beet hybrid creation, it is important to study the source material, its diversity and economically valuable features and patterns of their inheritance. The physiological approach and the development of ways to improve and estimate the population, based on physiological and biochemical indicators contribute to a deeper understanding of the production process. Therefore, the main goal of our work was to conduct a comparative physiological and biochemical evaluation of the production process of different sugar beet genotypes. Research objects were the MS hybrids with different combining ability and inbred lines of the I1 – I4 sugar beet generation. Research methods: physiological, biochemical and statistical. Genotypic features of multi-seeded diploid pollinators by physiological and biochemical parameters of individual metabolic links in the early stages of plant ontogenesis were established and the influence of inbreeding on photosynthetic productivity of plants was revealed. In simple MS hybrids obtained with the participation of combinational (by sugar content) O-type line comparing to one MS tester, a high positive heterosis in PHA and sugar content and a positive correlation between those traits were found. In hybrid combinations created by crossing combinational diploid pollinators compared to one MS tester showed positive heterosis in leaf surface area, chlorophyll content (a + b) and sucrose in the roots.