Evaluation OF SELECTED LIPID METHODS FOR NORMALIZING POLLUTANT BIOACCUMULATION

Randall, Robert C.; Lee, Henry; Ozretich, Robert J.; Lake, James L.; Pruell, Richard J.

doi:10.1897/1552-8618(1991)10[1431:eoslmf]2.0.co;2

Cited by 16 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…as energy stores, in contrast to polar lipids, which function as structural elements in membrane and nerve tissues (Dobush et al 1985;Randall et al 1991). Samples were placed in a drying cabinet (55 8C) for a minimum of 14 days until stable dry-mass values were obtained prior to lipid extraction.…”

Section: Proximate Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal variation in body composition of Arctic char,Salvelinus alpinus, from an ultraoligotrophic alpine lake

Finstad

Berg

Lohrmann

2003

Ecology of Freshwater Fish

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Seasonal variation in body composition of Arctic char, Salvelinus alpinus, from an ultraoligotrophic alpine lake Un resumen en espanÄ ol se incluye detraÂ s del texto principal de este artõÂ culo.Abstract ± Seasonal pattern of energy content was determined in a population of Arctic char, Salvelinus alpinus (L.), living in an ultraoligotrophic alpine lake (altitude 1100 m) located in central Norway (6285 H N). Specific somatic energy content varied between 4.3 and 6.1 kJ Á g À1 in spawners and between 4.8 and 6.6 kJ Á g À1 in immatures. Corresponding values for specific somatic lipid energy were 0.5±1.6 kJ Á g À1 for spawners and 0.7±2.1 kJ Á g À1 for immatures. The temporal pattern in storage energy residuals (deviation from mean storage energy, all sampling periods pooled) indicated that total, protein and lipid energy accumulated in the autumn and early winter. This increase was followed by a winter decrease in somatic energy (January to April). A new increase in total somatic energy and somatic lipid energy occurred during late winter (March/April to June), while the lake was still ice covered and water temperatures ranged between 0.5 and 2.5 8C. The observed seasonal pattern of specific energy storage and lipid deposition demonstrated a considerable potential for energy accumulation in Arctic char at low temperatures. It is discussed whether freshwater lakes at high altitudes or latitudes represent a temperature-stabilised and predictable environment in contrast to the variable temperature experienced in the corresponding terrestrial system.

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Section: Proximate Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal variation in body composition of Arctic char,Salvelinus alpinus, from an ultraoligotrophic alpine lake

Finstad

Berg

Lohrmann

2003

Ecology of Freshwater Fish

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“…Prior to BaP extraction, a small sample of fish muscle (0.5-1.0 g) was removed from the epaxial muscle mass, weighed, minced, and dried at 50ЊC for 24 h. Lipid content of the muscle was then determined using the technique from Bligh and Dyer [25] as modified by Randall et al [26].…”

Section: Analyticalmentioning

confidence: 99%

THE ROLE OF WATER VENTILATION AND SEDIMENT INGESTION IN THE UPTAKE OF BENZO[a]PYRENE IN GIZZARD SHAD (DOROSOMA CEPEDIANUM)

Kolok¹,

Huckins²,

Petty³

et al. 1996

Environ Toxicol Chem

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The objective of this study was to determine whether sediment ingestion or water ventilation was the primary route of uptake for benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) in the gizzard shad (Dorosoma cepedianum), a detritivorous fish. Two experiments were conducted in which fish were exposed to sediments spiked with 1 μg/g BaP. In the first experiment, fish were prevented from feeding by esophagus ligation. In the second experiment, 20 nonligated fish and 30 ligated fish were added to the aquarium. The nonligated fish roiled the water as they fed. Fish were collected 4, 8, 15, and 22 d after the experiments began. Gizzard shad metabolize BaP; therefore, the concentrations of BaP equivalents (parent BaP plus metabolite) were determined. Concentrations of BaP equivalents were significantly greater in the ligated fish in experiment 2 relative to those in experiment 1. In contrast, the concentration of BaP equivalents in the ligated fish in experiment 2 was not significantly different than that in the nonligated fish. Our results suggest that ventilation of turbid water may be a significant source of BaP for gizzard shad. Sediment ingestion, however, does not appear to significantly influence the total body concentration of BaP equivalents in gizzard shad.

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“…This complex is connected strongly via hydrogen bonds with protein contained in cell membrane. First, the high polarity of methanol is able to successfully disrupt the tight bilayer arrangement of biological membranes [38]. However, the presence of polar solvent will form hydrogen bonds with the polar lipids in the complex to disrupt the lipid-protein associations [36,37].…”

Section: Effect Of Solvent Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The van der Waals interactions formed between non-polar solvent and neutral lipids in the complex are insufficient to disrupt these membrane-based lipid-protein associations. This aids the exposure of polar and non-polar ends of lipid molecules for further reaction [38]. Besides, study on various algae also shows that hexane/ether is unsuitable to extract lipid from algae for biodiesel production [35] while chloroform/methanol combination was a better choice [34].…”

Section: Effect Of Solvent Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation on phototrophic growth of an indigenous Chlorella vulgaris for biodiesel production

Rajanren

Ismail

Narayanapillai

2015

Env Prog and Sustain Energy

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Microalgae are foreseen as a promising alternative source to produce biodiesel due to the potential high oil content in their cells and fast generation to yield a higher biomass. Hence, this study is focused in exploring the feasibility and potential of a locally isolated C. vulgaris strain in producing biodiesel. This comprises of cell growth, biomass productivity, lipid extraction and biodiesel analysis. The results show that C. vulgaris growth is influenced by light intensity whereby cultures illuminated with 2000 lux produces the highest number of cells and biomass. It is found that the combination of chloroform/methanol solvent extracts higher amount of lipid compared to hexane/ether or hexane. The biodiesel produced complies with ASTM standards. Based on this study, C. vulgaris strain is found to be a viable feedstock in the production of biodiesel. © 2015 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 34: 1215–1220, 2015

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Evaluation OF SELECTED LIPID METHODS FOR NORMALIZING POLLUTANT BIOACCUMULATION

Cited by 16 publications

References 0 publications

Seasonal variation in body composition of Arctic char,Salvelinus alpinus, from an ultraoligotrophic alpine lake

Seasonal variation in body composition of Arctic char,Salvelinus alpinus, from an ultraoligotrophic alpine lake

THE ROLE OF WATER VENTILATION AND SEDIMENT INGESTION IN THE UPTAKE OF BENZO[a]PYRENE IN GIZZARD SHAD (DOROSOMA CEPEDIANUM)

Investigation on phototrophic growth of an indigenous Chlorella vulgaris for biodiesel production

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