Evaluation of Scaffolds based on α-Tricalcium Phosphate Cements for Tissue Engineering Applications

Machado, Jéferson L de Moraes; Giehl, Isabel Cristina; Nardi, Nance Beyer; Santos, Luís Alberto dos

doi:10.1109/tbme.2011.2117425

Cited by 15 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 8 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In addition, we observed the presence of micropores with a 10-15 µm diameter, which form interconnections between the bigger pores, creating a tridimensional scaffold that supply fluid penetration inside the matrix as demonstrated in vitro studies. 32 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The biocompatibility of porous vs non-porous bone cements: a new methodological approach

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Composite cements have been shown to be biocompatible, bioactive, with good mechanical properties and capability to bind to the bone. Despite these interesting characteristic, in vivo studies on animal models are still incomplete and ultrastructural data are lacking. The acquisition of new ultrastructural data is hampered by uncertainties in the methods of preparation of histological samples due to the use of resins that melt methacrylate present in bone cement composition. A new porous acrylic cement composed of polymethyl-metacrylate (PMMA) and β-tricalcium-phosphate (p-TCP) was developed and tested on an animal model. The cement was implanted in femurs of 8 New Zealand White rabbits, which were observed for 8 weeks before their sacrifice. Histological samples were prepared with an infiltration process of LR white resin and then the specimens were studied by X-rays, histology and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). As a control, an acrylic standard cement, commonly used in clinical procedures, was chosen. Radiographic ultrastructural and histological exams have allowed finding an excellent biocompatibility of the new porous cement. The high degree of osteointegration was demonstrated by growth of neo-created bone tissue inside the cement sample. Local or systemic toxicity signs were not detected. The present work shows that the proposed procedure for the evaluation of biocompatibility, based on the use of LR white resin allows to make a thorough and objective assessment of the biocompatibility of porous and non-porous bone cements.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The biocompatibility of porous vs non-porous bone cements: a new methodological approach

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The porogens are crystals, particles or fibers of either volatile (they evolve gases at elevated temperatures) or soluble substances, such as paraffin [458,459,460], naphthalene [207,461,462,463], sucrose [464,465], NaHCO 3 [466,467,468], NaCl [469,470], polymethylmethacrylate [92,471,472,473], hydrogen peroxide [474,475,476,477,478] and cellulose derivatives [82]. Several other compounds [96,181,324,479,480,481,482,483,484,485,486,487,488,489,490] might be used as porogens, as well.…”

Section: The Major Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In another approach, bi-continuous water-filled microemulsions have been used as pre-organized systems for the fabrication of needle-like frameworks of crystalline HA (2 °C, 3 weeks) [510,511]. Besides, porous calcium orthophosphates might be prepared by a combination of gel casting and foam burn out methods [249,251], as well as by setting of the self-setting formulations [459,460,467,468,470,479,480,543]. Lithography was used to print a polymeric material, followed by packing with HA and sintering [514].…”

Section: The Major Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Calcium Orthophosphate-Based Bioceramics

Dorozhkin¹

2013

Materials

222

142

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Various types of grafts have been traditionally used to restore damaged bones. In the late 1960s, a strong interest was raised in studying ceramics as potential bone grafts due to their biomechanical properties. A bit later, such synthetic biomaterials were called bioceramics. In principle, bioceramics can be prepared from diverse materials but this review is limited to calcium orthophosphate-based formulations only, which possess the specific advantages due to the chemical similarity to mammalian bones and teeth. During the past 40 years, there have been a number of important achievements in this field. Namely, after the initial development of bioceramics that was just tolerated in the physiological environment, an emphasis was shifted towards the formulations able to form direct chemical bonds with the adjacent bones. Afterwards, by the structural and compositional controls, it became possible to choose whether the calcium orthophosphate-based implants remain biologically stable once incorporated into the skeletal structure or whether they were resorbed over time. At the turn of the millennium, a new concept of regenerative bioceramics was developed and such formulations became an integrated part of the tissue engineering approach. Now calcium orthophosphate scaffolds are designed to induce bone formation and vascularization. These scaffolds are often porous and harbor different biomolecules and/or cells. Therefore, current biomedical applications of calcium orthophosphate bioceramics include bone augmentations, artificial bone grafts, maxillofacial reconstruction, spinal fusion, periodontal disease repairs and bone fillers after tumor surgery. Perspective future applications comprise drug delivery and tissue engineering purposes because calcium orthophosphates appear to be promising carriers of growth factors, bioactive peptides and various types of cells.

show abstract

“…Because of this development PG cement, consisting of acrylic resin-based porous polymethacrylate and tricalcium phosphate has characteristics of particular interest in the process of osteointegration; especially as regards the deposition of calcified matrix within the polymer. Besides the different of barium sulphate content, the main difference between P and PG consists of the size of the granules 21,23 (granules of 53 urn only for P cement and also granules of 100-300 μm for PG cement) and pores (pores of about 100 urn for P cement and 100-200 µm for PG cement), we can assume that P cement not evolved in bone tissue inside the implant in the following months probably for the inability of the internal lattice to create the environmental conditions able to allow the evolution to the next generation of true tissue areas within the polymer. Hypothetically, we might assume that this non-vascular and cellular invasion is due to mechanical phenomena (pore size with insufficient access as consequence of using), rather than toxic factors, since there were no cytotoxic aspects linked to the polymer in the interface with the tissues of the host bone marrow.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The biocompatibility of bone cements: progress in methodological approach

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The ideal bone graft substitute should have certain properties and there are many studies dealing with mixture of polymethylmetacrilate (PMMA) and ß-tricalciumphospate (ß-TCP) presenting the best characteristics of both. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), for ultra-structural data, resulted a very reliable in vivo model to better understand the bioactivity of a cement and to properly evaluate its suitability for a particular purpose. The present study aims to further improve the knowledge on osteointegration development, using both parameters obtained with the Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy (ESEM) and focused histological examination. Two hybrid bone graft substitute were designed among ceramic and polymer-based bone graft substitutes. Based on ß-TCP granules sizes, they were created with theoretical different osteoconductive properties. An acrylic standard cement was chosen as control. Cements were implanted in twelve New Zealand White (NZW) rabbits, which were sacrificed at 1, 2, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months after cement implantation. Histological samples were prepared with an infiltration process of LR white resin and then specimens were studied by X-rays, histology and Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy (ESEM). Comparing the resulting data, it was possible to follow osteointegration’s various developments resulting from different sizes of ß-TCP granules. In this paper, we show that this evaluation process, together with ESEM, provides further important information that allows to follow any osteointegration at every stage of develop.

show abstract

Evaluation of Scaffolds based on α-Tricalcium Phosphate Cements for Tissue Engineering Applications

Cited by 15 publications

References 8 publications

The biocompatibility of porous vs non-porous bone cements: a new methodological approach

The biocompatibility of porous vs non-porous bone cements: a new methodological approach

Calcium Orthophosphate-Based Bioceramics

The biocompatibility of bone cements: progress in methodological approach

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About