Evaluation of safety of the herbal formula Ojeok-san: Acute and sub-chronic toxicity studies in rats

Genotoxicity assessment of a herbal formula, Ojeok-san

“…However, most commonly used herbal formulas have no indications of quality, safety and efficacy. In our previous study, the LD 50 value of OJS extracts was greater than 2000 mg/kg body weight on single oral dose toxicity in rats, and the no observed adverse effects level (NOAEL) during a 13-week repeated oral dose toxicity study was 2000 mg/kg/day and 1000 mg/kg/day for male and female rats, respectively (Ha et al, 2010). The reported single dose of OJS is about 56.25 g dried herb in humans (Park, 2003), which is equivalent to 11.81 g of the extract (yield of extract = 21.0% of the raw herbal material).…”

“…The chemicals used to identify and quantify compounds in the OJS extract included the following: naringin, hesperidin and neohesperidin, which are components of Citri Unshii Pericarpium and Aurantii Fructus Immaturus, and paeoniflorin of Paeoniae Radix, respectively. The chemical contents in the OJS extract were: naringin 12.55 ± 0.18 mg/g, hesperidin 5.73 ± 0.06 mg/g, neohesperidin 7.06 ± 0.06 mg/g and paeoniflorin 2.47 ± 0.06 mg/g (Ha et al, 2010).…”

“…OJS has a variety of pharmacological activities, such as analgesic, anti-pyretic, anti-phlogistic, anti-hyperlipidemic, anti-tumor and anti-blood stasis activity (Han and Lee, 1984;Park and Chae, 1992;Moon and Park, 1994;Jeon et al, 2003;Kim et al, 2004;Lee et al, 2008). However, there is little information about its general toxicity, acute and sub-chronic oral toxicity (Ha et al, 2010), and there is no information about its genotoxicity.…”

Toxicity of Hydnora johannis Becca. dried roots and ethanol extract in rats

“…The extract, in folkloric medicine, is administered two to three times per day for 3-5 days which is equivalent to 1.71 g/day of the extract (yield of extract = 2.5% of the raw material). Considering an average body weight of an adult of 60 kg (Ha et al, 2010;Manimaran et al, 2010), this dose for an average individual weighing 60 kg is equal to 29 mg of Hydnora johannis extract/kg/day. Furthermore, cytotoxicity of 80% EtOH extract from the whole plant of Hydnora johannis (Syn.…”

Evaluation of the acute and chronic toxicity of the jiangu capsules

“…Serum was then analyzed using the CL-8000 automatic biochemistry analyzer (Shimadzu Corporation, Kyoto, Japan) for biochemical parameters. These parameters included blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, cholesterol, total bilirubin, total protein, albumin, glucose, alanine aminotransferase, aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, triglyceride and creatine kinase (22).…”