Evaluation of resistance to Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. sesami in hybrid lines of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) under greenhouse conditions

Abstract

Thirty-six samples of sesame (15 F1 and 15 F2 generations and their 6 parents) were evaluated for their reaction to Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. sesami (Zaprometoff) Castellani after artificial inoculation in greenhouse tests. The experimental soil was analysed mechanically and microbiologically. Reactions of the plants were recorded on a scale from 0 = no visible infection (immune) up to 6 = 70% infected plants (highly susceptible). Highly significant differences of susceptibility and resistance to the wilt pathogen were observed among hybrids and their parents. The level of infection in the parental generation varied from 2.22 to 63.77% (mean at 33.74%), in the F1 from 13.46 to 73.78% (mean at 32.09%), and in the F2 populations from 0.71 to 59.4.5% No population was immune. Nine lines of the F1 were classified as resistant (R) and three of them had the same rank in the F2. Only one parent (P3) and three lines from the F2 (13, 9 and 12) showed infection below 10% and were identified as highly resistant (HR) by infection rates of 2.22%, 0.71%, 6.08% and 9.57%, respectively. They can thus be considered as promising parents for breeding programs.

Field resistance of crosses of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) to charcoal root rot caused by Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi.) Goid.

“…Such crosses might be helpful for breeding programs due to their stable resistance. Similar findings were reported for the same disease by EL-MARZOKY (1982) and for other diseases by EL-BRAMAWY (2003) and AMMAR et al (2004). In regard to seed yield/feddan, there was little change from F 3 to F 4 as well as from 2004 to 2005.…”

“…The F 3 's and F 4 's as segregating sesame generations had been produced in a breeding program at the Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt, concerning, among other characters, the resistance to Fusarium wilt (EL-BRAMAWY 1997, 2003EL-SHAZLY et al 1999;EL-BRAMAWY et al 2001;AMMAR et al 2004 No. a commercial field (Abo Soltan Village, Ismailia Gov.)…”

Inheritance of resistance to Fusarium wilt in some sesame crosses under field conditions

“…The results showed clearly that these segregates could be stable for their reaction to the disease (R or S or HS) through the seasons of evaluation, with some segregation from one generation to the next. This finding is in agreement with previous works (EL-MARZOKY 1982;EL-SHAKHESS 1998;EL-BRAMAWY 2003).…”

“…Similar results had been reported by some other researchers, e.g. XIAO et al (1992a, b), KUMAR and MISHRA (1992), ZIDAN (1993), RAGHUWANSHI et al (1995a, b), EL-BRAMAWY (1997, 2003, EL-SHAZLY et al (1999), AMMAR et al (2004), who found significant differences among sesame populations under both natural and artificial infection by F. oxysporum f.sp. sesami.…”

“…It was reported for the first time from North America in 1950 (ARMSTRONG & ARMSTRONG 1950). In our Zone, there is considerable variability of the sesame germplasm in reaction toward Fusarium (EL-BRAMAWY 1997, 2003EL-SHAZLY et al 1999;EL-BRAMAWY et al 2001;AMMAR et al 2004). The pathogen survives as chlamydospores in the soil, and due to its soilborne nature, practically no field control is available (MAITI et al 1988).…”