Evaluation of residual stresses in a SOFC stack

Yakabe, H.; Baba, Yoshitaka; Sakurai, Teruhiro; Satoh, Masanori; Hirosawa, Ichiro; Yoda, Yoshitaka

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2003.12.057

Cited by 82 publications

(45 citation statements)

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“…It is also known that the residual stress values of SOFC electrodes (or any other materials) are very much dependent upon the measurement method (e.g. X-ray diffraction [2,[4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17], synchrotron X-ray radiation [18][19][20][21], curvature method [15,[22][23][24][25][26], finite element [27,28], numerical [16,29], focused ion beam milling and digital image correlation [30], white light interferometry [25], nanoindentation [25,28], and neutron diffraction [31] methods). Furthermore, thermal spray deposition processes due to high cooling rates of the impacting particles (lamella) impart residual stress in the layered SOFC materials and hence influence the durability and efficiency of the cell.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neutron Diffraction Residual Strain Measurements of Molybdenum Carbide-Based Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Anode Layers with Metal Oxides on Hastelloy X

et al. 2017

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Thermal spray deposition processes impart residual stress in layered Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC) materials and hence influence the durability and efficiency of the cell. The current study which is the first of its kind in published literature, reports results on using a neutron diffraction technique, to non-destructively evaluate the through thickness strain measurement in plasma sprayed (as-sprayed) anode layer coatings on a Hastelloy®X substrate. Through thickness neutron diffraction residual strain measurements were done on three different anode coatings (Mo-Mo 2 C/Al 2 O 3 , Mo-Mo 2 C/ ZrO 2 and Mo-Mo 2 C/TiO 2 ) using the vertical scan mode. The three anode coatings (developed through optimised process parameters) investigated had porosities as high as 20%, with thicknesses between 200 μm to 300 μm deposited on 4.76 mm thick Hastelloy®X substrate discs of 20 mm diameter. The results showed that while the through thickness residual strain in all three anodes was dissimilar for the investigated crystallographic planes, on average it was tensile. Other measurements include X-ray diffraction, nanoindentation and SEM microscopy. As the anode layer microstructures are complex (includes bi-layer alternate phases), nondestructive characterisation of residual strain, e.g. using neutron diffraction, provides a useful measure of through thickness strain profile without altering the stress field in the SOFC electrode assembly.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neutron Diffraction Residual Strain Measurements of Molybdenum Carbide-Based Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Anode Layers with Metal Oxides on Hastelloy X

et al. 2017

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“…Nakajo et al [18] established a multi-physics model and studied the stress of SOFC when they are in operation state and cool-down phase. Yakabe et al [11,19] built a three-dimensional model of anode-supported P-SOFC with STAR-CD to analyze residual stress in electrolyte. Selimovic et al [20] focused on the stress in P-SOFC caused by the thermal expansion incompatibility under high temperature gradients during steady and dynamic operation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Residual stress analysis of a micro-tubular solid oxide fuel cell

Kong

Zhang

et al. 2016

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

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Available online xxxKeywords: Micro-tubular solid oxide fuel cell (MT-SOFC) Residual stress Electrode thickness Failure probability a b s t r a c t A two-dimensional axisymmetric micro-tubular solid oxide fuel cell (MT-SOFC) model is developed to study the influence of component (anode, cathode or electrolyte) thickness onresidual stress at the room temperature. The results show that the anode is mainly subjected to tension stress while electrolyte and cathode are mostly exposed to compressive stress. However, the stress in a component can be reduced by increasing its thickness with other components unchanged. Then the Weibull analysis method is adopted to calculate the failure probability of the anode, it is found that the anode is prone to failure with a thinner anode or thicker cathode and electrolyte; the electrolyte thickness has a more significant effect on the anode failure probability than the cathode; and the component thickness must be coordinated in order to maximize the mechanical performance. The formula of the minimum anode thickness under the failure probability criterion 1E-6 is given, which brings considerable convenience to the design of MT-SOFC.

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“…Other data on stress in the YSZ electrolyte of anode-supported cells from XRD measurements is available in Refs. [20][21][22], in case of either free or assembled cells. Different zero-stress temperatures lead to very strong variations in the computed stress in the electrolyte.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitivity of Stresses and Failure Mechanisms in SOFCs to the Mechanical Properties and Geometry of the Constitutive Layers

2011

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A model based on the Euler–Bernoulli theory is used to assess the sensitivity of residual stresses in solid oxide fuel cells to the mechanical properties and geometry of the constituents. It considers different cell configurations, characterised by the presence or not of a compensating layer, and a cathode based on either lanthanum strontium manganite (LSM) or lanthanum strontium cobaltite ferrite (LSCF). The implementation of creep in the model provides insights into the parameters that affect the zero‐stress temperature and behaviour during ageing. The amount of irreversible deformation generated in the cell layers after the sintering step depends on the mechanical properties of the layers, type of cell and to some extent, cooling rate. X‐ray diffraction measurements from literature are used to verify the prediction. Depending on the mechanical properties, the stress state in the LSM cathode changes from tensile to compressive with respect to temperature. During combined ageing and thermal cycling, tensile stress might arise in the compatibility layer of LSCF‐based cells, due to the relief of the initial compressive stress at operating temperature. The Weibull analysis provides the assessment of mechanical failure. A simplified approach is used for buckling‐driven delamination, but the propagation of cracks is predicted for unlikely large pre‐existing defects.

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Evaluation of residual stresses in a SOFC stack

Cited by 82 publications

References 4 publications

Neutron Diffraction Residual Strain Measurements of Molybdenum Carbide-Based Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Anode Layers with Metal Oxides on Hastelloy X

Neutron Diffraction Residual Strain Measurements of Molybdenum Carbide-Based Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Anode Layers with Metal Oxides on Hastelloy X

Residual stress analysis of a micro-tubular solid oxide fuel cell

Sensitivity of Stresses and Failure Mechanisms in SOFCs to the Mechanical Properties and Geometry of the Constitutive Layers

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