Evaluation of recombinant leptospiral surface antigen (Lsa27) lipoprotein for serodiagnosis of human leptospirosis by latex agglutination test

Alamuri, Anusha; Kumar, K. Vinod; Varghese, Bibitha; Palkhade, Rajendra; Mahadeviah, Sumana N.; Chaudhari, S. P.; Roy, Parimal; Balamurugan, V.

doi:10.1016/j.ijmmb.2021.01.006

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…(10) Smits et al obtained 86% sensitivity and 94% specificity while Alamuri et al, using a recombinant surface antigen Lsa27, revealed 90% and 91% sensitivity and specificity, respectively. (13,19,20,21,22) In other study, Alia et al reported 40% sensitivity and 89% specificity, with immunochromatography tests carried out with samples previously characterised by MAT, while others revealed 91% sensitivity and 83% specificity. (23,24,25,26) Dinhuzen et al (27) described 40% sensitivity and 89% specificity using the same test.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Leptospira interrogans insoluble fraction as a potential antigen source for lateral flow immunochromatography

Campos

Silva

Lima

et al. 2023

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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BACKGROUND Leptospirosis is an emerging zoonosis that affects humans and animals. Immunochromatography rapid test is widely used for early diagnosis of leptospirosis, but with low sensitivity and specificity. OBJECTIVES To evaluate Leptospira interrogans insoluble fraction as a potential antigen source for lateral flow immunochromatography. METHODS Insoluble fraction derived from the crude bacterial extract was obtained by serial centrifugation. The polypeptide profile was determined using sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Immune reactivity of this fraction was assessed by Western Blotting and lateral flow immunochromatography (LFI). It was tested 160 microagglutination test (MAT)-positive sera from patients in the acute phase, 100 MAT-negative sera from patients with acute febrile illness, and 45 patients with other infectious diseases. FINDINGS There was a predominance of low molecular mass-polypeptide bands, ranging from 2 to 37 kDa. The antibody reactivity of theses polypeptides was found to range from 13-50%, especially between 10 and 38 kDa. Among MAT-positive sera of patients with leptospirosis in the acute phase, 97% were also positive in LFI, indicating high sensitivity. Among MAT-negative sera, all were negative in LFI, indicating high specificity. Only 2% of cross-reactivity was detected. CONCLUSION The insoluble fraction can be a valuable antigen source for development of point-of-care diagnosis test for leptospirosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Leptospira interrogans insoluble fraction as a potential antigen source for lateral flow immunochromatography

Campos

Silva

Lima

et al. 2023

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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“…The latex agglutination test (LAT) is a striking example of a highly economical, rapid screening, point-of-care test tailor-made for the large-scale screening of sera samples in endemic areas without using any sophisticated equipment [ 17 ]. The LAT has been used successfully in several instances by epidemiologists for the detection of anti-leptospiral antibodies in humans by coating latex beads with recombinant proteins such as LipL41, LipL32 and Lsa27 [ 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ]. Another inexpensive and user-friendly point-of-care test widely used due to its simplicity is the Dot ELISA Dipstick test (DEDT) that can be used for detecting either IgM or IgG antibodies in humans and animals either in a single test format or for screening a large number of sera samples [ 21 , 22 , 23 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis of Human Leptospirosis: Comparison of Microscopic Agglutination Test with Recombinant LigA/B Antigen-Based In-House IgM Dot ELISA Dipstick Test and Latex Agglutination Test Using Bayesian Latent Class Model and MAT as Gold Standard

et al. 2022

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Leptospirosis is a spirochaetal infection that possesses a broad host range affecting almost all mammals. In the present study, the microscopic agglutination test (MAT) was compared with recombinant LigA/B antigen-based point-of-care diagnostics such as the in-house IgM dot ELISA dipstick test (IgM- DEDT) and the latex agglutination test (LAT) for the serodiagnosis of human leptospirosis. The comparison of the MAT with these two point–of-care diagnostics was performed using the MAT as the gold standard test and using Bayesian latent class modelling (BLCM), which considers all diagnostic tests as imperfect. The N-terminal conserved region of the LigA/B protein spanning the first to fifth big tandem repeat domains (rLigA/BCon1-5) was employed as a serodiagnostic marker in both of the bedside assays. A total of 340 serum samples collected from humans involved in high risk occupations were screened using the MAT, IgM DEDT and LAT. During the early phase of leptospirosis, BLCM analysis showed that the IgM DEDT and LAT had similar sensitivities (99.6 (96.0–100)) and (99.5 (95.2–100)), respectively, while the single acute phase MAT had the lowest sensitivity (83.3 (72.8–91.3)). Both the IgM DEDT and the LAT may be superior to the single acute phase MAT in terms of sensitivity during the early phase of infection and may be suitable for the early diagnosis of leptospirosis. However, BLCM analysis revealed that the use of both acute and convalescent samples substantially increased the sensitivity of the final MAT (98.2% (93.0–99.8%)) as a test to diagnose human leptospirosis. Both the IgM DEDT and LAT can be employed as bedside spot tests in remote locations where the MAT is not easily accessible.

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Pathogenic Leptospira Detection in Environmental Contaminant Water Sources by Highly Performance Antibody Absorption Polystyrene Agglutinating Particles

Suwannin,

Polpanich,

Lebaz

et al. 2024

Part & Part Syst Charact

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Leptospirosis is a re‐emerging bacterial zoonotic disease that affects both humans and animals, with a significantly higher incidence in tropical and sub‐tropical regions. Disease control, epidemiology, and surveillance rely on a One Health approach, as accurate detection can be applied to humans, animals, and the environment. This study represents the first attempt to develop a method for detecting the pathogenic Leptospira santarosai serovar Shermani based on the latex agglutination reaction. The serological activity of the antibody is examined to achieve a high titer of antibody before adsorption onto polystyrene particles. Using a pH medium of 6.8–7.8, total antibody adsorption of up to 3 mg m−2 is achieved. Particle agglutination is observed after incubating the antibody‐adsorbed PS with leptospiral culture for 4 min, revealing a detection limit of 1.7 × 102 leptospires mL−1. Interestingly, the detection limit increased by 1000 times when observing agglutination using spectrophotometer. The test exhibits high specificity with Shermani and shows negligible cross‐agglutination with non‐pathogenic Leptospira and water‐borne bacteria. Agglutination testing in collected water samples from natural sources demonstrates a good correlation with culture technique. This simple and rapid leptospires agglutination detection method can be applied as a screening test in environmental, human, and animal specimens.

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Evaluation of recombinant leptospiral surface antigen (Lsa27) lipoprotein for serodiagnosis of human leptospirosis by latex agglutination test

Cited by 6 publications

References 25 publications

Leptospira interrogans insoluble fraction as a potential antigen source for lateral flow immunochromatography

Leptospira interrogans insoluble fraction as a potential antigen source for lateral flow immunochromatography

Diagnosis of Human Leptospirosis: Comparison of Microscopic Agglutination Test with Recombinant LigA/B Antigen-Based In-House IgM Dot ELISA Dipstick Test and Latex Agglutination Test Using Bayesian Latent Class Model and MAT as Gold Standard

Pathogenic Leptospira Detection in Environmental Contaminant Water Sources by Highly Performance Antibody Absorption Polystyrene Agglutinating Particles

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