Evaluation of Racial Disparities in Quality of Care for Patients With Gastrointestinal Tract Cancer Treated With Surgery

Bakkila, Baylee F.; Kerekes, Daniel; Nuñez-Smith, Marcella; Billingsley, Kevin G.; Ahuja, Nita; Wang, Karen; Oladele, Carol; Johnson, Caroline H.; Khan, Sajid

doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.5664

Cited by 26 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 25 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Only one study has assessed the quality of care received by Black individuals in Canada, finding that Black people in Canada are less likely to receive supportive care and more likely to experience aggressive attitudes from health care professionals compared with White counterparts 35 . This study corroborated findings among Black people in the United States who received lower quality care compared with White people 61,68,69 . It also deconstructs the myth of the color‐blind approach that puts forward the idea that racial issues are less important in Canada and that Black people experience less racism, an ideology that other studies have contradicted 7 …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Incidence, factors, and disparities related to cancer among Black individuals in Canada: A scoping review

Cénat

Dromer

Darius

et al. 2022

Cancer

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background In Canada, two of five individuals will be diagnosed with cancer in their lifetime and one in four will die from this disease. Given the disparities observed in health research among Black individuals, we conducted a scoping review to analyze the state of cancer research in Canadian Black communities regarding prevalence, incidence, screening, mortality, and related factors to observe advances and identify gaps and disparities. Methods A comprehensive search strategy was developed and executed in December 2021 across 10 databases (e.g., Embase). Of 3451 studies generated by the search, 19 were retained for extraction and included in this study. Results Studies were focused on a variety of cancer types among Black individuals including anal, breast, cervical, colorectal, gastric, lung, and prostate cancers. They included data on incidence, stage of cancer at diagnosis, type of care received, diagnostic interval length, and screening. A few studies also demonstrated racial disparities among Black individuals. This research reveals disparities in screening, incidence, and quality of care among Black individuals in Canada. Conclusions Given the gaps observed in cancer studies among Black individuals, federal and provincial governments and universities should consider creating special funds to generate research on this important health issue. Plain language summary Important gaps were observed on research on cancer among Black communities in Canada. Studies included in the scoping review highlights disparities in screening, incidence, and quality of care among Black individuals in Canada.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Incidence, factors, and disparities related to cancer among Black individuals in Canada: A scoping review

Cénat

Dromer

Darius

et al. 2022

Cancer

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Although we adjusted for these factors, it appears that the experience of health care in rural settings is different for Black and White beneficiaries, suggesting JAMA Network Open | Public Health the role of interpersonal and structural barriers (eg, discrimination, mistrust, structural racism) that contribute to this racial disparity. 36,37…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Rurality, Race and Ethnicity, and Socioeconomic Status With the Surgical Management of Colon Cancer and Postoperative Outcomes Among Medicare Beneficiaries

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“… 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 While social factors associated with health, such as an individual’s economic stability 12 and community context, 13 have been associated with inequities in access to health care services for minoritized racial and ethnic populations, these gaps in access to care occur primarily because of the inadequacy of larger systems. 14 , 15 Patients from minoritized racial and ethnic groups seeking medical attention for conditions such as cardiovascular disease, 16 , 17 cancer, 18 , 19 and diabetes 20 , 21 may receive substandard care in comparison with White patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Geographic Access to Autism Resources Across the US

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ImportanceWhile research has identified racial and ethnic disparities in access to autism services, the size, extent, and specific locations of these access gaps have not yet been characterized on a national scale. Mapping comprehensive national listings of autism health care services together with the prevalence of autistic children of various races and ethnicities and evaluating geographic regions defined by localized commuting patterns may help to identify areas within the US where families who belong to minoritized racial and ethnic groups have disproportionally lower access to services.ObjectiveTo evaluate differences in access to autism health care services among autistic children of various races and ethnicities within precisely defined geographic regions encompassing all serviceable areas within the US.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis population-based cross-sectional study was conducted from October 5, 2021, to June 3, 2022, and involved 530 965 autistic children in kindergarten through grade 12. Core-based statistical areas (CBSAs; defined as areas containing a city and its surrounding commuter region), the Civil Rights Data Collection (CRDC) data set, and 51 071 autism resources (collected from October 1, 2015, to December 18, 2022) geographically distributed into 912 CBSAs were combined and analyzed to understand variation in access to autism health care services among autistic children of different races and ethnicities. Six racial and ethnic categories (American Indian or Alaska Native, Asian, Black or African American, Hispanic or Latino, Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander, and White) assigned by the US Department of Education were included in the analysis.Main Outcomes and MeasuresA regularized least-squares regression analysis was used to measure differences in nationwide resource allocation between racial and ethnic groups. The number of autism resources allocated per autistic child was estimated based on the child’s racial and ethnic group. To evaluate how the CBSA population size may have altered the results, the least-squares regression analysis was run on CBSAs divided into metropolitan (&gt;50 000 inhabitants) and micropolitan (10 000-50 000 inhabitants) groups. A Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the model estimated ratio of autism resources to autistic children among specific racial and ethnic groups comprising the proportions of autistic children in each CBSA.ResultsAmong 530 965 autistic children aged 5 to 18 years, 83.9% were male and 16.1% were female; 0.7% of children were American Indian or Alaska Native, 5.9% were Asian, 14.3% were Black or African American, 22.9% were Hispanic or Latino, 0.2% were Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander, 51.7% were White, and 4.2% were of 2 or more races and/or ethnicities. At a national scale, American Indian or Alaska Native autistic children (β = 0; 95% CI, 0-0; P = .01) and Hispanic autistic children (β = 0.02; 95% CI, 0-0.06; P = .02) had significant disparities in access to autism resources in comparison with White autistic children. When evaluating the proportion of autistic children in each racial and ethnic group, areas in which Black autistic children (&gt;50% of the population: β = 0.05; &lt;50% of the population: β = 0.07; P = .002) or Hispanic autistic children (&gt;50% of the population: β = 0.04; &lt;50% of the population: β = 0.07; P &lt; .001) comprised greater than 50% of the total population of autistic children had significantly fewer resources than areas in which Black or Hispanic autistic children comprised less than 50% of the total population. Comparing metropolitan vs micropolitan CBSAs revealed that in micropolitan CBSAs, Black autistic children (β = 0; 95% CI, 0-0; P &lt; .001) and Hispanic autistic children (β = 0; 95% CI, 0-0.02; P &lt; .001) had the greatest disparities in access to autism resources compared with White autistic children. In metropolitan CBSAs, American Indian or Alaska Native autistic children (β = 0; 95% CI, 0-0; P = .005) and Hispanic autistic children (β = 0.01; 95% CI, 0-0.06; P = .02) had the greatest disparities compared with White autistic children.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this study, autistic children from several minoritized racial and ethnic groups, including Black and Hispanic autistic children, had access to significantly fewer autism resources than White autistic children in the US. This study pinpointed the specific geographic regions with the greatest disparities, where increases in the number and types of treatment options are warranted. These findings suggest that a prioritized response strategy to address these racial and ethnic disparities is needed.

show abstract

Evaluation of Racial Disparities in Quality of Care for Patients With Gastrointestinal Tract Cancer Treated With Surgery

Abstract: This cohort study examines whether racial disparities exist in treatment received and in survival among patients undergoing surgical intervention with curative intent for gastrointestinal tract cancer.

Cited by 26 publications

References 25 publications

Incidence, factors, and disparities related to cancer among Black individuals in Canada: A scoping review

Incidence, factors, and disparities related to cancer among Black individuals in Canada: A scoping review

Association of Rurality, Race and Ethnicity, and Socioeconomic Status With the Surgical Management of Colon Cancer and Postoperative Outcomes Among Medicare Beneficiaries

Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Geographic Access to Autism Resources Across the US

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About