Evaluation of Pterin, a Promising Drug Candidate from Cyanide Degrading Bacteria

Abstract

Pterin is a member of the compounds known as pteridines. They have the same nucleus of 2-amino-4-hydroxypteridine (pterin); however, the side-chain is different at the position 6, and the state of oxidation of the ring may exist in different form viz. tetrahydro, dihydro, or a fully oxidized form. In the present study, the microorganisms able to utilize cyanide, and heavy metals have been tested for the efficient production of pterin compound. The soil samples contaminated with cyanide and heavy metals were collected from Salem steel industries, Tamil Nadu, India. Out of 77 isolated strains, 40 isolates were found to utilize sodium cyanate as nitrogen source at different concentrations. However, only 13 isolates were able to tolerate maximum concentration (60 mM) of sodium cyanate and were screened for pterin production. Among the 13 isolates, only 1 organism showed maximum production of pterin, and the same was identified as Bacillus pumilus SVD06. The compound was extracted and purified by preparative high-performance liquid chromatography and analyzed by UV/visible, FTIR, and fluorescent spectrum. The antioxidant property of the purified pterin compound was determined by cyclic voltammetry. In addition, antimicrobial activity of pterin was also studied which was substantiated by antagonistic activity against Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Besides that the pterin compound was proved to inhibit the formation of biofilm. The extracted pterin compounds could be proposed further not only for antioxidant and antimicrobial but also for its potency to aid as anticancer and psychotic drugs in future.

Transcriptional identification of genes light-interacting in the extraretinal photoreceptors of the crayfish Procambarus clarkii

“…Furthermore, the pterin compound has been proven to inhibit the formation of biofilm. The extracted pterin compounds may function as antioxidants or antimicrobials (Mahendran et al 2018) in various organisms such as P. clarkii. We also identify four enzymes that participate in the biosynthesis of the heme group, a cofactor involved in multiple cellular processes.…”

“…Furthermore, the pterin compound has been proven to inhibit the formation of biofilm. The extracted pterin compounds may function as antioxidants or antimicrobials ( Mahendran et al 2018 ) in various organisms such as P. clarkii. …”

Microorganismos empleados para la biorremediación de efluentes mineros con cianuro

“…Existen cinco vías diferentes en la biodegradación del cianuro; como la vía hidrolítica, la vía oxidativa, la vía reductora, la vía de sustitución y la vía de síntesis (Khamar et al, 2015). Las primeras tres vías siguen la conversión de cianuros en moléculas simples (orgánicas o inorgánicas) y otras dos vías se ocupan de la utilización de cianuro como fuente de carbono y nitrógeno (Mahendran et al, 2018). En la gura 2 se aprecia una representación básica sobre el mecanismo de asimilación del cianuro en el microorganismo.…”

The Concept of Folic Acid in Health and Disease

“…Pterin is composed from pyrimidine and pyrazine rings («pteridine») with substituting keto- and amino groups in the second and fourth positions. Aromatic heterocyclic structures provide an ability for reversible electron-accepting [ 2 , 3 ]. “Folates” is a generic term encompassing folic acid and its derivatives-dihydro-, tetrahydro-, methyl-, formyl-compounds possessing metabolic activity.…”

“…), three-carbon cycle (e.g., in Escherichia coli ). Molibdopterins are essential for function of bacterial sulfite oxidase, nitrate reductase, dimethylsulfoxide reductase, nutritional C1-carbon chains, and metabolism of aromatic amino acids [ 2 , 3 ]. Tetrahydromethanopterin and tetrahydrofolate are more specific for methane-producing Archaea and methylotrophic bacteria [ 5 ].…”