Evaluation of prophylactic and therapeutic effects of silymarin and<i>N</i>-acetylcysteine in acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in cats

Najafzadeh, Hossein; Razijalali, Mohammad; Shirali, Saeed

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2885.2009.01100.x

Cited by 35 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Another species variation affecting drug metabolism in cats is a relative deficiency of glucuronyl transferase, which mediates conjugation of various drugs to glucuronide for elimination (Lappin, 2001;Maddison et al, 2002). The prophylactic and treatment effects of administration of silymarin, role of serumenzyme activities in diazepam-induced hepatotoxicity and preventive and therapeutic effects of silymarin in this study was similar to study of Avizeh et al (2010). In their research, a single oral administration of acetaminophen significantly elevated serum concentrations of ALT, AST, ALP, LDH, methemoglobin and total and direct bilirubin.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Evaluation of Prophylactic and Therapeutic Effects of Silymarin on Diazepam-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Cats

Mosallanejad¹

2011

American Journal of Applied Sciences

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Problem statement: Diazepam is commonly administered for seizure control and appetite stimulant in cats. Cats may develop acute fatal hepatic necrosis after receiving oral diazepam for several days. The aim of this study was to detect the protective action of silymarin on diazepam-induced hepatotoxicity in cats. Approach: About 25 healthy cats were randomly allotted to five equal groups. Animals in group A were given diazepam (repeated dose 2.5 mg kg −1 , p.o. q 12 h for 4 days); group B consisted of cats that received silymarin (30 mg kg −1 , p.o. q 12 h for 4 days) concurrent with diazepam administration; group C were received silymarin like group B, but 24 h after diazepam administration; group D were received silymarin like groups C, but 48 h after diazepam administration; group E were received silymarin like group D, but 72 h after diazepam administration. The serum concentrations of Alanine Amino Transferase (ALT), Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP), Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) and total and direct bilirubin were measured before diazepam administration and 24, 48, 72 and 96 h later as indices of liver injury. Results: Repeated oral administration of diazepam significantly elevated serum concentrations of ALT, AST, ALP, LDH and total and direct bilirubin in cats of group A, after 48 h. In both the groups (B and C) receiving silymarin, levels of serum enzyme activities and total and direct bilirubin remained within the normal values, but the group D and E which received silymarin 48 h and 72h later, levels of serum enzyme activities and total and direct bilirubin were increased with comparison to before diazepam administration. Conclusion: It was concluded that silymarin can protect liver tissue against oxidative stress in cats with diazepam intoxication particular in the first 24 h after exposure.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Evaluation of Prophylactic and Therapeutic Effects of Silymarin on Diazepam-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Cats

Mosallanejad¹

2011

American Journal of Applied Sciences

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“…Both in vitro and in vivo studies reported its cytoprotective, antioxidant, and chemopreventive properties. The hepatoprotective effect of silybin has been studied in chicken intoxications induced by toxic agents, such as acetaminophen, carbon tetrachloride, iron overload, amanita mushroom poisoning, or aflatoxicosis [12–14]. Recently, silybin found application in the cardiomyo-protective treatment [15, 16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Protective Effect of Silybin against Lasalocid Cytotoxic Exposure on Chicken and Rat Cell Lines

Radko

Cybulski

Rzeski

2013

BioMed Research International

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Lasalocid, an ionophore coccidiostat, extensive use implies a risk of toxicological impacts. Protective effects of silybin, a herbal compound of Silybum marianum, are reported elsewhere. The aim of this study was to compare effects of the combined use of lasalocid and silybin in chicken hepatoma cells (LMH) and rat myoblasts (L6) cell lines cultures. The cytoprotective effect resulting from an interaction of both pharmaceuticals was measured with the help of MTT reduction and, coomassie brilliant blue binding (CBB) and LDH release assays. Isobolography and the combination index (CI) estimated the nature and scale of interaction. In all performed tests, the lowest lasalocid EC50-values were obtained for chicken hepatocytes. In the rat myoblasts cultures, the lowest lasalocid EC50-values were found with LDH test. Simultaneously, a lack of silybin cytotoxic effect was proven for the studied cell lines. An interaction between both substances led to a considerable decrease of lasalocid cytotoxicity. The isobolograms and combination index showed a significant antagonistic nature of silybin effect in the course of lasalocid cytotoxicity. It is concluded that the mechanism of cytoprotection results from complex reaction at biochemical and biophysical endpoints during chicken hepatocytes and rat myoblasts cell lines exposure to silybin and lasalocid co-action.

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“…Cytoprotective agents are regarded as suitable, biologically active substances preventing pathogenesis of chemically-induced injury of human or animal's cells by restoring physiological and biochemical cell function (Gazak et al 2007, Avizeh et al 2009). Naturally occurring flavonoids have received increased attention in the past few years because of their chemopreventive properties.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytoprotective effect of silybin against lasalocid-induced toxicity in HepG2 cells

Radko¹,

Cybulski²,

Rzeski³

2013

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

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Lasalocid is an ionophore coccidiostatic agent frequently used in poultry. Its extensive use causes the formation of residues in edible tissues and eggs which may pose a risk to consumers. Silybin is the main compound extracted from the herb milk thistle Silybum marianum and its hepatoprotective effect has been reported in literature.The aim of the study was to compare lasalocid and silybin cytotoxic effects followed by their combined use in HepG2 cell line. A cytoprotective effect resulting from the interaction of both pharmacologically active substances was measured.In this study, an MTT test, coomassie brillant blue binding test, and LDH release test determined the effective concentration (EC 50 ) of the compounds. The isobolograms and combination index were used to assess the nature of interaction.The lowest EC 50 -value for lasalocid was established via the MTT test. This study revealed a lack of silybin cytotoxic effect on the cells. Co-actions of the two drugs led to a significant decrease of lasalocid cytotoxicity. The isobolograms and combination index showed a remarkable antagonistic effect in the course of silybin and lasalocid interaction.The results indicate that silybin revealed a cytoprotective effect when incubated with lasalocid since its cytotoxic impact on HepG2 cells has been significantly diminished.

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Evaluation of prophylactic and therapeutic effects of silymarin andN-acetylcysteine in acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in cats

Cited by 35 publications

References 15 publications

Evaluation of Prophylactic and Therapeutic Effects of Silymarin on Diazepam-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Cats

Evaluation of Prophylactic and Therapeutic Effects of Silymarin on Diazepam-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Cats

The Protective Effect of Silybin against Lasalocid Cytotoxic Exposure on Chicken and Rat Cell Lines

Cytoprotective effect of silybin against lasalocid-induced toxicity in HepG2 cells

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