Evaluation of PPG Feature Values Toward Biometric Authentication Against Presentation Attacks

Hinatsu, Shun; Suzuki, Daisuke; Ishizuka, Hiroki; Ikeda, Sei; Oshiro, Osamu

doi:10.1109/access.2022.3167667

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…They did not include any MFCCs computed through multiple signal processing methods, such as the Fourier transform, which reflected the personal distinctiveness of PPG frequency characteristics. Meanwhile, our previous study evaluated the feature values that contributed to the initial PPG-based authentication and PA by computing and comparing PIs, which demonstrated the effectiveness of MFCCs in the initial authentication against the PA [46]. Therefore, the result suggested that the feature values as soft biometrics contributing to the proposed countermeasure might be different from the values as the personal distinctiveness contributing to the initial authentication.…”

Section: ) Evaluation Of Measurement Site Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of PPG Measurement Sites Toward Countermeasures Against Biometric Presentation Attacks

et al. 2022

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In this study, we propose a countermeasure against a presentation attack on a photoplethysmogram (PPG)-based biometric authentication system. The countermeasure identifies PPG measurement sites on the body based on the difference between PPG waveforms recorded at genuine measurement and non-genuine sites. In an experiment, we computed the correlation coefficients as the similarity indices between PPG waveforms using two datasets, i.e., PPG signals recorded at multiple measurement sites on participants and mapped signals to generate fake signals for authentication. We then evaluated the proposed countermeasure using the feature values extracted from the PPG signals to identify the measurement sites on the body. The experimental results indicated that the identification of measurement sites as a countermeasure operated successfully for both PPG datasets, regardless of the presence or absence of waveform mapping, and exhibited an identification accuracy of more than 90 % regardless of the elapsed time.INDEX TERMS Biometrics, measurement site, photoplethysmogram, and waveform mapping.

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Section: ) Evaluation Of Measurement Site Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of PPG Measurement Sites Toward Countermeasures Against Biometric Presentation Attacks

et al. 2022

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“…While PPG-based authentication is still in its early stages [8], various spoofing attacks have been attempted against PPG-based authentication systems. One example is the use of stealthy recording of PPG signals from non-genuine measurement sites (also known as presentation attacks) to deceive PPG-based authentication systems [12]. Another approach is to remotely steal PPG signals from video recordings of the victim, known as remote PPG (rPPG), which can be used to breach the authentication system [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PulseOblivion: An Effective Session-Based Continuous Authentication Scheme Using PPG Signals

Aly¹,

Pietro²

2023

Preprint

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<p>In this paper, we propose a novel session-based continuous authentication scheme using photoplethysmography (PPG). The supporting model is developed in two phases: first, we utilize deep autoencoders to extract features from PPG signals, and later we adopt Local Outlier Factor (LOF) to authenticate the user. LOF is trained only on legitimate user data, making it practical for real-world scenarios. In detail, the model is trained on session-based data and generates user signatures at the beginning of each session with a short buffer duration. Despite its simplicity, our solution achieves staggering performance: an F1 score of 91.3% and 91.0% on the CapnoBase and BIMDC benchmarking datasets, respectively. Compared to a state-of-the-art baseline model, the proposed solution reduces by 2.3% the EER on the BIMDC dataset while attaining a 6%+ increase in the F1 metric with respect to the CapnoBase dataset. Additionally, the proposed solution has a faster runtime, requiring approximately 0.5 seconds to process 18,000 beats compared to the competing model's 3.6 seconds, resulting in an 85% reduction in runtime.</p>

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PulseOblivion: An Effective Session-Based Continuous Authentication Scheme Using PPG Signals

Aly,

Di Pietro

2023

Preprint

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<p>In this paper, we propose a novel session-based continuous authentication model using photoplethysmography (PPG). Unlike previous PPG-based authentication techniques that generate user signatures only during the initial interaction, our session-based approach tackles inter session PPG drifting by generating a user signature at the start of each session. Our model is composed by two modules: Firstly, heavy deep autoencoders (AE) are utilized for feature extraction and, secondly, a lightweight Local Outlier Factor (LOF) is employed for user authentication. Additionally, we introduce a continuous updating system for the LOF model, which automatically recovers from security breaches and can enhance authentication accuracy by more than 9%. Our experiments show that in a single-session scenario, our model achieves authentication accuracies of 93.5% and 91.8% on the CapnoBase and BIMDC benchmarking datasets, respectively, outperforming the state-of-the-art baseline model by 3.2% and 1.6% on both datasets, respectively. In multiple-session scenarios, our scheme attains an authentication accuracy of 95% when tested on the BioSec2 dataset, effectively mitigating inter-session PPG drifting and achieving an advantage of more than 8.5% in authentication accuracy over the state-of-the-art method. In terms of execution speed, our solution is seven times faster at runtime compared to competing state-of-the-art solutions.</p>

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Evaluation of PPG Feature Values Toward Biometric Authentication Against Presentation Attacks

Abstract: Date of publication xxxx 00, 0000, date of current version xxxx 00, 0000.

Cited by 7 publications

References 37 publications

Identification of PPG Measurement Sites Toward Countermeasures Against Biometric Presentation Attacks

Identification of PPG Measurement Sites Toward Countermeasures Against Biometric Presentation Attacks

PulseOblivion: An Effective Session-Based Continuous Authentication Scheme Using PPG Signals

PulseOblivion: An Effective Session-Based Continuous Authentication Scheme Using PPG Signals

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