Evaluation of Potentially Nonlethal Sampling Methods for Monitoring Mercury Concentrations in Smallmouth Bass (Micropterus dolomieu)

Schmitt, Christopher J.; Brumbaugh, William G.

doi:10.1007/s00244-006-0214-0

Cited by 22 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Biopsy samples were collected as described by Schmitt and Brumbaugh (2007) and demonstrated in a training video (Electronic Supplementary Material 2013). Briefly, fish were retrieved from the holding tank, measured (TL), wrapped in a tared wet cloth, and weighed.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All surviving fish were then released at their respective collection sites. Biopsy samples were analyzed as described by Schmitt and Brumbaugh (2007) and May et al (2009). Briefly, the samples were lyophilized using a vacuum desiccator and analyzed for total Hg by combustion amalgamation atomic absorption spectrophotometry (CAAAS; US EPA method 7473).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Briefly, the samples were lyophilized using a vacuum desiccator and analyzed for total Hg by combustion amalgamation atomic absorption spectrophotometry (CAAAS; US EPA method 7473). Dry-weight concentrations were converted to and reported as wet weight concentrations using a mean moisture content for smallmouth muscle of 78 % (n = 62; Schmitt and Brumbaugh 2007). Because most of the Hg in fish muscle is MeHg, measurement of total Hg is effectively a measure of MeHg (Sanheinrich and Wiener 2011).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because most of the Hg in fish muscle is MeHg, measurement of total Hg is effectively a measure of MeHg (Sanheinrich and Wiener 2011). Precision among replicate plugs from the same smallmouth collected using our procedure has been shown to be high (RSD = 2.2 %-2.4 % in 5 sets of triplicates; Schmitt and Brumbaugh 2007). Therefore, only one plug was obtained from each fish to minimize stress to the fish.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Summary statistics (mean and standard deviation) were calculated for these parameters but before-and-after statistical analyses were not performed because individual fish were not marked (i.e., samples were not independent). Schmitt and Brumbaugh (2007) analyzed tissue plug and fillet samples from individual smallmouth (n = 12) collected at Turner's Mill, which is in the coldwater reach of the EPR between Greer Spring and Hwy 160 (Fig. 1).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Implementation of a Non-lethal Biopsy Punch Monitoring Program for Mercury in Smallmouth Bass, Micropterus dolomieu Lacepède, from the Eleven Point River, Missouri

Ackerson

McKee

Schmitt

et al. 2013

Bull Environ Contam Toxicol

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Implementation of a Non-lethal Biopsy Punch Monitoring Program for Mercury in Smallmouth Bass, Micropterus dolomieu Lacepède, from the Eleven Point River, Missouri

Ackerson

McKee

Schmitt

et al. 2013

Bull Environ Contam Toxicol

Self Cite

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Distribution of Mercury in Several Environmental Compartments in an Aquatic Ecosystem Impacted by Gold Mining in Northern Colombia

Marrugo‐Negrete

Benítez

Olívero-Verbel

2008

Arch Environ Contam Toxicol

120

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Mercury (Hg) used in gold amalgamation is a major source of contamination in developing countries. Water, sediments, plankton, fish, and human samples from Grande Marsh, a Hg-polluted marsh located in the south of Bolívar, municipality of Montecristo, Colombia, were collected during both the rainy and the dry seasons (2003-2006), at three different sampling sites, and analyzed for total Hg (T-Hg) content. Water, sediment, seston, phytoplankton, and zooplankton T-Hg concentrations were 0.33 +/- 0.03 microg/L, 0.71 +/- 0.03, 1.20 +/- 0.06, 0.52 +/- 0.03, and 0.94 +/- 0.05 microg/g dry weight (wt), respectively. T-Hg levels in these compartments were highly pair-correlated (p < 0.05), and for all of them, except sediments, greater values were found during the dry season. Significant differences were observed for T-Hg concentrations in fish according to their trophic position. Average highest T-Hg values were found in carnivorous species such as Caquetaia kraussi (1.09 +/- 0.17 microg/g fresh wt), Hoplias malabaricus (0.58 +/- 0.05 microg/g fresh wt), and Plagioscion surinamensis (0.53 +/- 0.07 microg/g fresh wt), whereas the lowest were detected in noncarnivorous species such as Prochilodus magdalenae (0.157 +/- 0.01 microg/g fresh wt). In those fish species where seasonal comparisons were possible, specimens captured during the dry season had greater T-Hg levels in muscle. Although the T-Hg mean level for all fish samples (0.407 +/- 0.360 microg/g fresh wt) did not exceed the recommended limit ingestion level, risk assessment based on the hazard index suggested that a fish intake of 0.12 kg per day (a small carnivorous specimen) could increase the potential health effects related to Hg exposure in the local human population, whose hair T-Hg median value was 4.7 microg/g, and presented a low but significant correlation with fish consumption (r = 0.250, p = 0.016). In short, Hg pollution from gold mining around Grande Marsh has permeated the food web, and currently levels in fish represent a serious concern for human health.

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Concentrations of Cadmium, Cobalt, Lead, Nickel, and Zinc in Blood and Fillets of Northern Hog Sucker (Hypentelium nigricans) from Streams Contaminated by Lead–Zinc Mining: Implications for Monitoring

Schmitt

Brumbaugh

May

2009

Arch Environ Contam Toxicol

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Lead (Pb) and other metals can accumulate in northern hog sucker (Hypentelium nigricans) and other suckers (Catostomidae), which are harvested in large numbers from Ozark streams by recreational fishers. Suckers are also important in the diets of piscivorous wildlife and fishes. Suckers from streams contaminated by historic Pb-zinc (Zn) mining in southeastern Missouri are presently identified in a consumption advisory because of Pb concentrations. We evaluated blood sampling as a potentially nonlethal alternative to fillet sampling for Pb and other metals in northern hog sucker. Scaled, skin-on, bone-in "fillet" and blood samples were obtained from northern hog suckers (n = 75) collected at nine sites representing a wide range of conditions relative to Pb-Zn mining in southeastern Missouri. All samples were analyzed for cadmium (Cd), cobalt (Co), Pb, nickel (Ni), and Zn. Fillets were also analyzed for calcium as an indicator of the amount of bone, skin, and mucus included in the samples. Pb, Cd, Co, and Ni concentrations were typically higher in blood than in fillets, but Zn concentrations were similar in both sample types. Concentrations of all metals except Zn were typically higher at sites located downstream from active and historic Pb-Zn mines and related facilities than at nonmining sites. Blood concentrations of Pb, Cd, and Co were highly correlated with corresponding fillet concentrations; log-log linear regressions between concentrations in the two sample types explained 94% of the variation for Pb, 73-83% of the variation for Co, and 61% of the variation for Cd. In contrast, relations for Ni and Zn explained <12% of the total variation. Fillet Pb and calcium concentrations were correlated (r = 0.83), but only in the 12 fish from the most contaminated site; concentrations were not significantly correlated across all sites. Conversely, fillet Cd and calcium were correlated across the range of sites (r = 0.78), and the inclusion of calcium in the fillet-to-blood relation explained an additional 12% of the total variation in fillet Cd. Collectively, the results indicate that blood sampling could provide reasonably accurate and precise estimates of fillet Pb, Co, and Cd concentrations that would be suitable for identifying contaminated sites and for monitoring, but some fillet sampling might be necessary at contaminated sites for establishing consumption advisories.

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Evaluation of Potentially Nonlethal Sampling Methods for Monitoring Mercury Concentrations in Smallmouth Bass (Micropterus dolomieu)

Cited by 22 publications

References 43 publications

Implementation of a Non-lethal Biopsy Punch Monitoring Program for Mercury in Smallmouth Bass, Micropterus dolomieu Lacepède, from the Eleven Point River, Missouri

Implementation of a Non-lethal Biopsy Punch Monitoring Program for Mercury in Smallmouth Bass, Micropterus dolomieu Lacepède, from the Eleven Point River, Missouri

Distribution of Mercury in Several Environmental Compartments in an Aquatic Ecosystem Impacted by Gold Mining in Northern Colombia

Concentrations of Cadmium, Cobalt, Lead, Nickel, and Zinc in Blood and Fillets of Northern Hog Sucker (Hypentelium nigricans) from Streams Contaminated by Lead–Zinc Mining: Implications for Monitoring

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