Evaluation of post-mortem diagnostic tests' sensitivity and specificity for bovine tuberculosis using Bayesian latent class analysis

Filho, Paulo Martins Soares; Ramalho, Alberto Knust; Silva, André de Moura; Hodon, Mikael Arrais; Issa, Marina de Azevedo; Júnior, Antônio Augusto Fonseca; Mota, Pedro; Silva, Carlos Henrique Osório; Reis, Jenner Karlisson Pimenta dos; Leite, Rômulo Cerqueira

doi:10.1016/j.rvsc.2019.04.014

Cited by 8 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Mycobacterial culturing is time‐consuming ‘takes up to three months’, risky and laborious. In addition, the high level of tissue samples contamination and decreased number of viable mycobacteria during the sample decontamination are limiting factors (Issa et al., 2017; Soares Filho et al., 2019). Histopathological examination is faster than culture and sensitive, but it lacks specificity; NTMs or Actinomycetales such as Rhodococcus equi could be responsible for non‐specific TB lesions and present a histological profile difficult to be differentiated from that presented by M. bovis (Michelet et al., 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abattoir survey of bovine tuberculosis in tanta, centre of the Nile delta, with in silico analysis of gene mutations and protein–protein interactions of the involved mycobacteria

Borham

Oreiby

El-Gedawy³

et al. 2021

Transbounding Emerging Dis

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Bovine tuberculosis is a transboundary disease of high economic and public health burden worldwide. In this study, post‐mortem examination of 750 cattle and buffalo in Tanta abattoir, Centre of the Nile Delta, revealed visible TB in 4% of animals and a true prevalence of 6.85% (95% CI: 5.3%–8.9%). Mycobacterial culture, histopathology and RT‐PCR targeting all members of M. tuberculosis complex were performed, upon which 85%, 80% and 100% of each tested lesions were confirmed as TB, respectively. Mpb70‐targeting PCR was conducted on ten RT‐PCR positive samples for sequencing and identified nine Mycobacterium (M.) bovis strains and, interestingly, one M. tuberculosis (Mtb) strain from a buffalo. Bioinformatics tools were used for prediction of mutations, nucleotide polymorphisms, lineages, drug resistance and protein–protein interactions (PPI) of the sequenced strains. The Mtb strain was resistant to rifampicin, isoniazid and streptomycin, and to the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of multidrug resistant (MDR)‐Mtb originating from buffaloes. Seven M. bovis strains were resistant to ethambutol and ethionamide. Such resistances were associated with KatG, rpoB, rpsL, embB and ethA genes mutations. Other mutations and nucleotide polymorphisms were also predicted, some are reported for the first time and require experimental work for validation. PPI revealed more interactions than what would be expected for a random set of proteins of similar size and had dense interactions between nodes that are biologically connected, as a group. Two M. bovis strains belonged to BOV AFRI lineage (Spoligotypes BOV 1; BOV 2) and eight strains belonged to East‐Asian (Beijing) lineage. In conclusion, visible TB was prevalent in the study area, RT‐PCR is the best to confirm the disease, MDR‐Mtb is associated with buffalo TB, and mycobacteria of different lineages carry many resistance genes to chemotherapeutic agents used in treatment of human TB constituting a major public health risk.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abattoir survey of bovine tuberculosis in tanta, centre of the Nile delta, with in silico analysis of gene mutations and protein–protein interactions of the involved mycobacteria

Borham

Oreiby

El-Gedawy³

et al. 2021

Transbounding Emerging Dis

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“…The ELISA test for tuberculosis demonstrated low sensitivity (24.1%) despite prior sensitization with the tuberculin test. Perhaps the time between sampling (i.e., 30 days on average) was too long [ 39 , 40 ]. However, previous field studies have shown very similar sensitivity and specificity of the ELISA IDEXX test—26.74% [ 41 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Risk of False-Positive Serological Results for Paratuberculosis in Mycobacterium bovis-Infected Cattle

et al. 2021

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Both bovine tuberculosis (BTB) and paratuberculosis (paraTB) continue to cause significant economic losses in cattle breeding; in addition, their etiological agents have zoonotic potential. Although the diagnostics of both diseases are still being improved, problems still remain, such as the potential for cross-reactivity to the antigens used in tests. The aim of the present study was to confirm whether animals known to harbor Mycobacterium bovis antibodies are at increased risk of yielding positive results in paraTB serotesting and, additionally, to verify the accuracy of three commonly used methods for confirming M. bovis infection: ELISA, the tuberculin skin test (TST), and the presence of gross lesions. Material was collected from 98 dairy cattle suspected of BTB due to TST-positive results. During postmortem examination, gross lesions were assessed visually. Blood, lymph nodes, and TB-suspected organs were collected. Serum was obtained from the collected blood and tested serologically for TB and paraTB. The tissues underwent standard microbiological testing for M. tuberculosis complex. Among the 98 TST-positive individuals, tuberculous gross lesions were detected in 57 (58.1%), MTBC were isolated in 83 (84.7%), and the ELISA test was positive for 21 (21.4%). None of the lesions characteristic for paraTB were detected. The chance of obtaining a positive TB result by ELISA was seven times higher using the ELISA-paraTB method; hence, there is a significant risk of obtaining false-positive serological results for paraTB in M. bovis-infected cattle. However, the hypothesis that infection of M. bovis or prior TST performance may have boosted the host immune response and therefore increased the sensitivity of the paraTB-ELISA cannot be excluded.

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“…Various factors affect the sensitivity and specificity of serological tests for diagnosis of bTB such as the stage of the disease, immune status of the animal, type of antigen used, and previous exposure to bovine tuberculin [ 80 ]. The sensitivity of antibodies-based ELISA is higher when evaluated in animals at later stages of the disease with gross lesions and in most infective animals [ 81 ].…”

Section: Diagnosis Of Btbmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is used in several studies: Al-Fattli in Iraq used it as a screening test and reported a seroprevalence of 20.16% and 15.12% in blood and milk of lactating cows, respectively [ 89 ]. However, Soares Filho et al recommended that IDDEX™ ELISA cannot be used as a single test for PM diagnosis of bTB because of its low sensitivity despite the test being able to detect eight positive samples that were negative on RT-PCR and culture [ 80 ]. The authors collected blood and obtained serum aliquots from the brachial vein venous blood of the half carcass from which the respective tissue and organ samples were obtained.…”

Section: Diagnosis Of Btbmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For achieving the best results, Soares Filho et al recommended two sampling protocols for both PCR and isolation [ 80 ]. For PCR, the tissue was collected from the center of the caseous lesion, where more genetic material and fewer viable bacteria are expected to be found whilst, for isolation, collection was done at the border between the healthy tissue and the lesion, where more viable bacteria, but less bacterial genetic material, would be expected.…”

Section: Diagnosis Of Btbmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Review on Bovine Tuberculosis: An Emerging Disease Associated with Multidrug-Resistant Mycobacterium Species

Borham¹,

Oreiby

El-Gedawy³

et al. 2022

Pathogens

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Bovine tuberculosis is a serious infectious disease affecting a wide range of domesticated and wild animals, representing a worldwide economic and public health burden. The disease is caused by Mycobacteriumbovis and infrequently by other pathogenic mycobacteria. The problem of bovine tuberculosis is complicated when the infection is associated with multidrug and extensively drug resistant M. bovis. Many techniques are used for early diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis, either being antemortem or postmortem, each with its diagnostic merits as well as limitations. Antemortem techniques depend either on cellular or on humoral immune responses, while postmortem diagnosis depends on adequate visual inspection, palpation, and subsequent diagnostic procedures such as bacterial isolation, characteristic histopathology, and PCR to reach the final diagnosis. Recently, sequencing and bioinformatics tools have gained increasing importance for the diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis, including, but not limited to typing, detection of mutations, phylogenetic analysis, molecular epidemiology, and interactions occurring within the causative mycobacteria. Consequently, the current review includes consideration of bovine tuberculosis as a disease, conventional and recent diagnostic methods, and the emergence of MDR-Mycobacterium species.

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Evaluation of post-mortem diagnostic tests' sensitivity and specificity for bovine tuberculosis using Bayesian latent class analysis

Cited by 8 publications

References 35 publications

Abattoir survey of bovine tuberculosis in tanta, centre of the Nile delta, with in silico analysis of gene mutations and protein–protein interactions of the involved mycobacteria

Abattoir survey of bovine tuberculosis in tanta, centre of the Nile delta, with in silico analysis of gene mutations and protein–protein interactions of the involved mycobacteria

The Risk of False-Positive Serological Results for Paratuberculosis in Mycobacterium bovis-Infected Cattle

Review on Bovine Tuberculosis: An Emerging Disease Associated with Multidrug-Resistant Mycobacterium Species

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