Evaluation of Plasma Glucose, Insulin and Glycated Haemoglobin Levels Among Male Daily Bread Consumers

Abstract

Bread is highly nutritious and consumed in many ways by most. This study was carried out to determine the effect of daily bread consumption on serum insulin, glycated hemoglobin, and plasma glucose level among male daily bread consumers. Thirty male students were randomly selected and fed with bread for 21 days. Their pre and post-blood samples were analyzed using the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) method for insulin and glycated hemoglobin whereas glucose estimation was done using the glucose oxidase method. Pre and post Body Mass Index (BMI) were also determined. Results showed that there was a signicant decrease in the BMI of the participants in daily post bread eaters (21.80±2.21) compared to baseline (20.04±2.36) (p<0.05) while there were no signicant differences in the mean levels of fasting plasma glucose, glycated hemoglobin, and insulin in daily post bread eaters (4.94±0.24, 5.88±0.63, and 6.43±3.22 respectively) (p>0.05). Likewise, no signicant association existed between the parameters studied. Therefore no signicant alteration was observed in the parameters studied except for the decreased BMI observed after bread consumption among the participants which could be attributed to the increase in academic stress activities experienced by participants as the studied participants were students at examination during the post sample collection.