Evaluation of Plaque Stabilization by Fluvastatin with Carotid Intima- Medial Elasticity Measured by a Transcutaneous Ultrasonic-Based Tissue Characterization System

Yamagishi, Toshio; Katô, Makoto; Koiwa, Yoshiro; Omata, Ken; Hasegawa, Hideyuki; Kanai, Hiroshi

doi:10.5551/jat.1438

Cited by 18 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(31 reference statements)

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“…Because CIMT has direct implications on morbidity and mortality in humans, 14,25 its measurement in the mouse model for PXE can be an endpoint and can have future implications in determining treatment efficacy in this disease. This study examined the reduction of the CIMT measurements after treatment with magnesium oxide in Abcc6 −/− mice.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnesium Reduces Carotid Intima‐Media Thickness in a Mouse Model of Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum: A Novel Treatment Biomarker

Kupetsky

Uitto

2012

Clinical Translational Sci

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Pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE), which demonstrates progressive build-up of calcium phosphate and proteoglycan deposits in skin, eye, and arteries, has been associated with myocardial infarctions, stroke, and blindness. In a mouse model of PXE, a magnesium-enriched diet prevents mineralization of the vibrissae capsule, an early biomarker for PXE. However, biomarkers for therapeutic responses in PXE have not been identified in humans. Since PXE patients have an increased carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and stroke, we analyzed the feasibility of CIMT as a treatment endpoint before and after magnesium supplementation in a mouse model of PXE (Abcc6−/−). CIMT was measured in one year-old Abcc6−/− and Abcc6+/+ mice fed either standard rodent diet with or without magnesium oxide supplementation for two months. Baseline CIMT in Abcc6−/− vs. Abcc6+/+ mice was increased (p-value = 0.009), while CIMT in magnesium-treated vs. untreated Abcc6−/− mice was reduced (p-value = 0.024). CIMT is a novel treatment endpoint in this mouse model and may serve as a predictive biomarker of therapeutic response in PXE patients. In that context, magnesium oxide significantly reduced CIMT in PXE mice, and may be useful for disease prevention in PXE patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnesium Reduces Carotid Intima‐Media Thickness in a Mouse Model of Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum: A Novel Treatment Biomarker

Kupetsky

Uitto

2012

Clinical Translational Sci

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“…A potential mechanism by which hs-CRP may contribute to the development of ischemic cardiovascular disease is its role as a marker of inflammatory 30) and atherosclerotic processes 31) , although it is wellknown that hs-CRP is associated with the presence of atherosclerosis [32][33][34][35] . One study concluded that the increased risk of ischemic cardiovascular disease associated with higher CRP may not be causal, but simply a marker, since CRP polymorphisms were not associated with disease risk 13) .…”

Section: Acknowledgementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of C-Reactive Protein on Risk of Stroke, Stroke Subtypes, and Ischemic Heart Disease in Middle-Aged Japanese: the Japan Public Health Center-Based Study

Iso

Noda

Ikeda

et al. 2012

JAT

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Aim:To examine the impact of C-reactive protein on the risks of stroke and its subtypes, particularly among Asian populations in which median C-reactive protein levels are typically lower than in Western populations. Methods: A prospective, nested case-control study was conducted to examine the associations between high sensitivity-CRP (hs-CRP) and risks of cardiovascular disease within a cohort of 29,876 men and women aged 40-69 years, with no history of stroke, ischemic heart disease or cancer, who submitted blood samples between 1990 and 1993. Systematic cardiovascular surveillance was performed throughout 2007. One control for each stroke and two controls for each ischemic heart disease were matched for sex, age, date of blood drawing, time since last meal and study location. Results: We documented 1,132 incident strokes (638 ischemic and 494 hemorrhagic strokes) and 209 ischemic heart diseases (168 myocardial infarctions and 41 sudden cardiac deaths), and observed a linear association between hs-CRP levels and risks of ischemic stroke and ischemic heart disease, more specifically myocardial infarction. The multivariable odds ratios associated with 1-SD increment of logarithmically transformed hs-CRP were 1.13 (0.99-1.29), p=0.07 for ischemic stroke, 1.16 (0.96-1.41), p=0.13 for lacunar infarction, 1.41 (0.98-2.01), p=0.06 for embolic infarction, and 1.28 (1.03-1.59), p= 0.03 for myocardial infarction. The predictive value of hs-CRP for ischemic stroke was reduced primarily after adjustment for hypertensive status and body mass index. No association was found between hs-CRP levels and the risk of hemorrhagic or total stroke. Conclusions: High serum hs-CRP levels were associated with the risk of myocardial infarction and more weakly with the risk of ischemic stroke among middle-aged Japanese men and women.

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“…According to the Cardiovascular Health Study and NOMAS, normal CIMT ranges vary from 0.7 to 0.9 mm in 45- to 75-year-olds [34] and the progression of CIMT – depending on risk factors – can range from 0.01 ± 0.05 mm/year [35]. If low-serum magnesium can potentially cause a significant increase in CIMT in women in this age range (similar to the pathological progression of CIMT), the risk of stroke incidence increases as the CIMT rate of change increases [35], resulting in increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality [36,37,38]. …”

Section: Magnesium and Cardiovascular Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnesium: Novel Applications in Cardiovascular Disease – A Review of the Literature

Kupetsky

Uitto²

2012

Ann Nutr Metab

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Magnesium is an ubiquitous element and its formulation determines its efficacy and administration. It is used for gastrointestinal and obstetric disease and recently cardiovascular and neurological indications have also been explored. The role of serum/dietary magnesium intake on cardiovascular disease, carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), hypertension (HTN) and cholesterol synthesis has been investigated. Despite differences in patient populations, some observational and interventional studies have suggested that low serum/dietary magnesium is associated with higher CIMT and more cardiovascular risk factors. A few clinical and basic science interventional studies have also shown the benefits of magnesium administration in cardiovascular disease prevention and as a neuroprotective agent. Low magnesium levels have been implicated in inflammation and endothelial dysfunction. Hypomagnesemia results in increased C-reactive protein and cytokine exaggeration, increased nuclear factor kappa B and platelet dysfunction, which can lead to thrombosis. Magnesium appears to play a vital function in cardiovascular stability and health, but an optimal dose and formulation has not been defined. Potentially promising avenues include the combination of magnesium with a statin to reduce cholesterol, C-reactive protein and CIMT, and its early use to reduce stroke morbidity and mortality. Understanding the role of magnesium in inflammation and mineralization and how it has the potential for playing a role in modulating cardiovascular and neurological disease can be a new frontier in medicine.

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Evaluation of Plaque Stabilization by Fluvastatin with Carotid Intima- Medial Elasticity Measured by a Transcutaneous Ultrasonic-Based Tissue Characterization System

Cited by 18 publications

References 27 publications

Magnesium Reduces Carotid Intima‐Media Thickness in a Mouse Model of Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum: A Novel Treatment Biomarker

Magnesium Reduces Carotid Intima‐Media Thickness in a Mouse Model of Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum: A Novel Treatment Biomarker

The Impact of C-Reactive Protein on Risk of Stroke, Stroke Subtypes, and Ischemic Heart Disease in Middle-Aged Japanese: the Japan Public Health Center-Based Study

Magnesium: Novel Applications in Cardiovascular Disease – A Review of the Literature

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