Evaluation of phosphorus in thermally converted sewage sludge: P pools and availability to wheat

Abstract

Self-archiving for articles in subscription-based journalsSpringer journals' policy on preprint sharing.By signing the Copyright Transfer Statement you still retain substantial rights, such as self-archiving: Author(s) are permitted to self-archive a pre-print and an author's accepted manuscript version of their Article. ……….b. An Author's Accepted Manuscript (AAM) is the version accepted for publication in a journal following peer review but prior to copyediting and typesetting that can be made available under the following conditions:(i) Author(s) retain the right to make an AAM of their Article available on their own personal, selfmaintained website immediately on acceptance, (ii) Author(s) retain the right to make an AAM of their Article available for public release on any of the following 12 months after first publication ("Embargo Period"): their employer's internal website; their institutional and/or funder repositories. AAMs may also be deposited in such repositories immediately on acceptance, provided that they are not made publicly available until after the Embargo Period.

Biotic strategies to increase plant availability of sewage sludge ash phosphorus

“…The same authors also did not detect any stimulation of rooting density in the ash region and hypothesized that either the localised ash could be a region where high pH, salts, and heavy metal concentrations may have inhibited root proliferation, or the general low P availability of the ash was maintained due to the reduced soil contact and smaller effect of acidifying soil reactions. Supported by several others findings ( Nanzer et al., , ; Mackay et al., ) the near neutral pH of the present soil contributed to increased ash P (pH 9.2) solubility, especially in the Mix treatments. Furthermore, rhizosphere reactions, such as root exudation and its associated localized acidity, would potentially have greater impact on the ash in the Mix treatments compared with the Layer placement, due to the larger volume for root‐ash contact.…”

“…Moreover, the sewage sludge ash used in this work showed an increase in the soluble‐P in citrate extractions with decreasing pH (Fig. ), confirming the presence of acid‐soluble P forms in this type of residue ( Mackay et al., ; Viader et al., ) which are most probably calcium phosphate compounds ( Hedley et al., ; Zhao et al., ; Nanzer et al., ).…”

“…findings (Nanzer et al, 2014a(Nanzer et al, , 2014bMackay et al, 2017) the near neutral pH of the present soil contributed to increased ash P (pH 9.2) solubility, especially in the Mix treatments. Furthermore, rhizosphere reactions, such as root exudation and its associated localized acidity, would potentially have greater impact on the ash in the Mix treatments compared with the Layer placement, due to the larger volume for root-ash contact.…”

“…( Ahrenfeldt et al., ), it is evident that complex forms of calcium P such as apatite are predominant ( Nanzer et al., , ). Several studies have shown that the major part of the P present in the ash is acid‐soluble due to predominance of the calcium phosphate forms ( Franz , ; Donatello et al., ; Mackay et al., ; Viader et al., ). However, chemical treatments to recover P from ash are often not technically mature and expensive ( Cieślik and Konieczka , ).…”

Co-Combustion of Municipal Sewage Sludge and Biomass in a Grate Fired Boiler for Phosphorus Recovery in Bottom Ash

“…There are few reports on the plant availability of complex mineral phosphates, but altering pure Ca-whitlockite (Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 ) by inclusion of Na in its structures has been shown to improve plant availability [41]. Phosphates present in ashes from mono-combustion have potential as long-term fertilizer [42], but further study is required to determine how further substitution of Ca, Al, and Fe with alkali in the phosphates affects plant uptake of P. Importantly, the changes in phosphate composition observed here demonstrate that it is possible to change what phosphates are formed through co-combustion in ways that may improve their plant availability.…”