Evaluation of peat and lignite phenanthrene sorption properties in relation to coal petrography: The impact of inertinite

Kalaitzidis, Stavros; Karapanagioti, Hrissi K.; Christanis, Kimon; Bouzinos, A.; Iliopoulou, Eleni F.

doi:10.1016/j.coal.2005.10.005

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(34 reference statements)

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“…The organic carbon normalized sorption coefficient (K oc ) reflects the affinity of the organic carbon of each sorbent for the specific sorbate. K oc values at low phenanthrene concentrations (C e = 1 lg/l) (Table 1) are comparable to literature values (log K oc = 5.9-4.9, Kalaitzidis et al 2006; log K oc = 5.8, Yang et al 2004; log K oc = 5.4, Kleineidam et al 2002). K oc values at high phenanthrene concentrations (C e = 1 mg/l) (Table 1) are close to log K oc = 4.4 that is the value expected for partitioning into organic matter (Kalaitzidis et al 2006).…”

Section: Phenanthrene Sorptionsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…4. Both samples present a sorptive capacity that is similar to other lignite samples tested in the literature (K fr = 4.2 9 10 4 -4.5 9 10 5 in Kalaitzidis et al 2006). The degree of nonlinearity for the sorption isotherms is represented by the Freundlich exponent (N).…”

Section: Phenanthrene Sorptionsupporting

confidence: 55%

“…For nonlinear isotherms, K oc , which is the organic carbon normalized sorption coefficient and reflects the affinity of the organic carbon of the sorbent for the pollutant to be adsorbed, is calculated at a given chemical concentration (Kleineidam et al 2002;Kalaitzidis et al 2006) as:…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the case of the studied samples, it is evident from the N values that the samples contain moderately to extremely heterogeneous sorption sites (Table 1). N values of 0.38-0.73 were presented for lignite samples containing varying percentages of inertinite in Kalaitzidis et al (2006). The organic carbon normalized sorption coefficient (K oc ) reflects the affinity of the organic carbon of each sorbent for the specific sorbate.…”

Section: Phenanthrene Sorptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of ammonoxidation on lignite properties

et al. 2009

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Oxidised lignite is a potential alternative source of N fertilizers. Ammonoxidation is the reaction of a given substrate with oxygen in aqueous ammonia. Lignite ammonoxidation is used for converting low-rank lignite into slowly nitrogen-releasing artificial humic matter. A lignite sample is compared before and after ammonoxidation in terms of geochemical and petrological properties, as well as the acid-base and physical hydrophobic sorptive behavior. The most obvious change caused by ammonoxidation is the decrease of attrinite, texto-ulminite and textinite in favor mainly of densinite and gelohuminite. In general, the ammonoxidative reactions promote the destruction of the structured humic macerals (texto-ulminite, textinite), and the formation of gels, which resulted in the cementation of the freely fine humic particles (attrinite). The pzc values are 3.4 and 4.3 for oxidised and nonoxidised lignite, respectively. After ammonoxidation the contents of carboxylic and free phenolic groups are found to be lower. The oxidised lignite shows a statistically lower sorptive capacity and affinity than the original sample due to a possible decrease in the hydrophobicity of the lignite.

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Section: Phenanthrene Sorptionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Phenanthrene Sorptionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Phenanthrene Sorptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of ammonoxidation on lignite properties

et al. 2009

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“…Observations of cell distortion, or fracturing have also been observed in fossil (Harris ; Alvin ; Jones & Chaloner ; Jones & Rowe ; ICCP ) and modern wildfire derived charcoal (Kalaitzidis et al . ), but these features are rarely reported, and are often dismissed as errors in experimental design (Scott ) or sample preparation (Jones & Rowe ). One reason for this oversight may be because of missing information in the fossil record.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Observations of the structural changes that occur during charcoalification: implications for identifying charcoal in the fossil record

Hudspith

Belcher

2017

Palaeontology

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All of our current understanding of fossil charcoal structure comes from observations of modern wood charcoal produced in furnaces. These charcoals consistently show cell wall homogenization after prolonged heating (>325°C) and this is therefore considered to be a key identifying feature of fossil charcoal. Yet furnaces are unable to replicate the full combustion processes that occur during a wildfire. Here, for the first time, we have studied the microscopic structural evolution of charcoal produced using calorimetry, wherein the wood is ignited under controlled conditions and the heat release rate and other parameters measured, and the resulting charcoal studied using reflected light microscopy. We show that homogenization of cell walls is actually only a short-lived phase of charcoal formation that occurs during the early heating stages as the pyrolysis front traverses through the wood. Cell wall homogenization is then rapidly overprinted by the thinning, distortion and breakdown of cell walls, and a notable visual increase in reflectance. Our preliminary study therefore suggests that we need to first improve our understanding of charcoal formation in order to better understand the fossil record of wildfires.

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Impact of coal structural heterogeneity on the nonideal sorption of organic contaminants

Shi

et al. 2011

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Carbonaceous geosorbents (black carbon, coal, and humin/kerogen) play a primary role in the nonideal sorption (isotherm nonlinearity, hysteresis, and multiphasic kinetics) of hydrophobic organic chemicals by soils and sediments. The present study investigated the impact of coal structural heterogeneity on sorption/desorption of two model monoaromatic compounds (1,3-dichlorobenzene and 1,3-dinitrobenzene). Due to the higher degree of aromaticity and condensation, anthracite showed stronger sorption affinity and nonlinearity and slower sorption kinetics than lignite. Removal of humic substances by alkali extraction and/or mineral fraction by acidification did not much affect organic carbon-normalized sorption coefficient to the coal, suggesting nearly complete accessibility of adsorption sites on the condensed organic carbon. However, the treatments greatly increased sorption kinetics and meanwhile alleviated hysteresis of 1,3-dinitrobenzene, as compared with the original lignite. These observations were attributed to the enhanced exposure of high-energy adsorption sites on the condensed organic carbon after exfoliating the surface coverage by humic substances and minerals. An empirical biphasic pseudo-second-order model consisting of a fast sorption phase and a slow sorption phase adequately quantified the overall sorption kinetics for the coal sorbents. The results indicated that the condensed organic carbon, in combination with other structural components, controls the nonideal sorption of unburned coal.

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Evaluation of peat and lignite phenanthrene sorption properties in relation to coal petrography: The impact of inertinite

Cited by 9 publications

References 23 publications

Effect of ammonoxidation on lignite properties

Effect of ammonoxidation on lignite properties

Observations of the structural changes that occur during charcoalification: implications for identifying charcoal in the fossil record

Impact of coal structural heterogeneity on the nonideal sorption of organic contaminants

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