Evaluation of pathogenicity and aggressiveness of F. langsethiae on oat and wheat seedlings relative to known seedling blight pathogens

Imathiu, Samuel; Hare, M. C.; Ray, Rumiana V.; Back, Matthew A.; Edwards, Simon

doi:10.1007/s10658-009-9533-0

Cited by 32 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 40 publications

(43 reference statements)

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“…In fact, this fungus is known for its inability to cause severe disease symptoms on cereals (e.g. : wheat and oat) without apparent loss of grain yield (Torp and Adler 2004;Imathiu et al 2010;Divon et al 2011). Nowadays the relation between grain characteristics and the presence of DON and T2+HT2 are not sufficient to draw comprehensive conclusions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary survey on the co-occurrence of DON and T2+HT2 toxins in durum wheat in Italy

Aureli¹,

Amoriello²,

Belocchi³

et al. 2015

Cereal Research Communications

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This study was carried out to determine the co-occurrence of deoxynivalenol (DON) and the sum of T2 and HT2 toxins in durum wheat samples belonging to eight cultivars grown in a national network experimental trials over a three-year period (2011)(2012)(2013). The effect of several factors (cultivar, year and cultivation area) affecting the occurrence of the two types of mycotoxins and their relationship with several agronomic and grain quality parameters were assayed by statistical analysis (GLZ). The results highlighted the different trend of incidence and contamination rate of the two types of mycotoxins in relation to the cropping year and to the growing examined areas. Year and its interaction with the cultivation area was the most important factor affecting the DON contamination, whereas genotype and its interaction with the year mainly influenced T2+HT2 toxins contamination rate. DON and T2+HT2 contamination levels were not significantly correlated with each other. The evidence that the two types of mycotoxins were differently related with several agronomic and grain quality parameters could be connected to the effects of the respective fungal disease on wheat plant.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary survey on the co-occurrence of DON and T2+HT2 toxins in durum wheat in Italy

Aureli¹,

Amoriello²,

Belocchi³

et al. 2015

Cereal Research Communications

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“…The present study goes one step further by examining the impact of aphids on fungal biomass accumulation in seedlings as well as ear infection. It was not previously known if F. langsethiae was capable of colonizing wheat seedlings systemically as a result of seed infection; infection attempts have only been measured visually, and no symptoms were seen (29). This study showed that seedling colonization measured by pathogen DNA can be achieved using spray inoculation with a high concentration of inoculum (10 7 spores ml Ϫ1 ) and that pretreatment of seedlings with aphids increases fungal biomass accumulation 4-fold in seedlings following inoculation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Aphid Infestation Increases Fusarium langsethiae and T-2 and HT-2 Mycotoxins in Wheat

Drakulic

Ajigboye

Swarup

et al. 2016

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Fusarium langsethiae is a fungal pathogen of cereal crops that is an increasing problem in northern Europe, but much of its epidemiology is poorly understood. The species produces the mycotoxins T-2 and HT-2, which are highly toxic. It was hypothesized that grain aphids, Sitobion avenae, may transmit F. langsethiae inoculum between wheat plants, and a series of transmission experiments and volatile chemical analyses was performed to test this. Manual translocation of aphids from inoculated to uninfected hosts resulted in pathogen DNA accumulation in hosts. However, the free movement of wingless aphids from infected to healthy plants did not. The addition of winged aphids reared on F. langsethiae-inoculated wheat seedlings to wheat plants also did not achieve successful pathogen transfer. While our data suggested that aphid transmission of the pathogen was not very efficient, we observed an increase in disease when aphids were present. After seedling inoculation, an increase in pathogen DNA accumulation in seedling leaves was observed upon treatment with aphids. Furthermore, the presence of aphids on wheat plants with F. langsethiae-inoculated ears not only led to a rise in the amount of F. langsethiae DNA in infected grain but also to an increase in the concentrations of T-2 and HT-2 toxins, with more than 3-fold higher toxin levels than diseased plants without aphids. This work highlights that aphids increase the susceptibility of wheat host plants to F. langsethiae and that aphid infestation is a risk factor for accumulating increased levels of T-2 and HT-2 in wheat products. IMPORTANCEFusarium langsethiae is shown here to cause increased contamination levels of grain with toxins produced by fungus when aphids share the host plant. This effect has also recently been demonstrated with Fusarium graminearum, yet the two fungal species show stark differences in their effect on aphid populations. In both cases, aphids improve the ability of the pathogens to cause and initiate Fusarium head blight (FHB) disease in wheat, but F. langsethiae may be able to act as a dispersal agent. F. langsethiae contributes harmful toxins to wheat grain that need to be controlled, but as yet, its epidemiology is unresolved. This work reveals insights into the role aphids play in promoting the successful colonization of this species in wheat and the benefit of controlling aphid populations on crops that are at high risk of FHB. Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a fungal disease of cereal crops that is caused by a pathogen complex comprising several species from the genus Fusarium (1) and two from the genus Microdochium (2). Fusarium species produce mycotoxins upon infecting host plants, which can be harmful if consumed by mammals, with different health impacts depending on the specific toxins produced (3). As well as causing mycotoxin contamination, infection can also lead to reduced yield and grain quality. The disease affects crops in all major cereal-growing regions worldwide, and different species prevail in different geograph...

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“…Fusarium langsethiae isolates produced necroses of different sizes on wounded detached oat and wheat leaves, but not on unwounded wheat leaves (Imathiu et al 2009). Furthermore, F. langsethiae did not cause seedling blight after artificial inoculation of oat and wheat seeds (Imathiu et al 2010). On artificially inoculated oats, panicle infection was shown to be the prime route of infection for F. langsethiae, with symptoms evident after both injection and spray inoculation at different concentrations (Divon et al 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, F. langsethiae did not cause seedling blight after artificial inoculation of oat and wheat seeds (Imathiu et al. ). On artificially inoculated oats, panicle infection was shown to be the prime route of infection for F. langsethiae , with symptoms evident after both injection and spray inoculation at different concentrations (Divon et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence of Fusarium langsethiae Strains Isolated from Durum Wheat in Italy

Infantino

Santori

Aureli³

et al. 2014

Journal of Phytopathology

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Surveys on the occurrence of type A trichothecenes in wheat, and particularly for the T‐2 and HT‐2 toxins, and information on the biology and epidemiology of the causative Fusarium species (i.e. F. langsethiae, F. sporotrichioides) are scarce in Italy, as compared to the more common type B trichothecene, deoxynivalenol and its producers. This 4‐year monitoring of phytopathogenic Fusarium species on 183 seed lots of durum wheat shows wide distribution of F. langsethiae in Italy and the potential of several isolates of this fungus to produce high amounts of T‐2 and HT‐2 in wheat. Fusarium langsethiae was observed for approximately 48% of the analysed samples, with a maximum incidence for a single lot of 10.5%. Fusarium sporotrichioides was observed only in 2011, with an average incidence of 2% (range, 0–3%). A collection of F. langsethiae isolates representative of the main cultivation areas in Italy was established. These isolates showed great variability for their toxin production in vitro. Of 28 strains, all except one isolate can produce the T‐2 and HT‐2 toxins. HT‐2 was generally in greater amounts than T‐2, with an average concentration ratio for HT‐2 to T‐2 of 2.1 (range, 0.7–5.4). The artificial inoculation of wheat with three isolates of F. langsethiae produced no Fusarium head blight symptoms under field conditions. However, significantly higher incidence of F. langsethiae was seen on the kernels of inoculated plants, compared to the uninoculated controls.

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Evaluation of pathogenicity and aggressiveness of F. langsethiae on oat and wheat seedlings relative to known seedling blight pathogens

Abstract: Fusarium and Microdochium species are causal agents of seedling blight of small-

Cited by 32 publications

References 40 publications

Preliminary survey on the co-occurrence of DON and T2+HT2 toxins in durum wheat in Italy

Preliminary survey on the co-occurrence of DON and T2+HT2 toxins in durum wheat in Italy

Aphid Infestation Increases Fusarium langsethiae and T-2 and HT-2 Mycotoxins in Wheat

Occurrence of Fusarium langsethiae Strains Isolated from Durum Wheat in Italy

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