Evaluation of Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) Production Using Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) Biomass Supplemented with Agricultural Wastes

Abstract

The cost of substrates has been one of the challenges for mushroom cultivation. The commonly used substrates for mushroom production are usually expensive. Substrates with a high biomass return that can pose environmental problems can be good alternatives for mushroom cultivation due to multiple advantages. In this regard, the potential use of water hyacinth biomass (a troublesome aquatic weed) as an alternative substrate is worthy of being studied. This study was aimed at evaluating the potential use of water hyacinth biomass for the production of oyster mushroom. The experiment was done in a completely randomized design with nine treatments and four replications. Water hyacinth biomass was supplemented with straw (wheat, Triticum aestivum, and teff or Eragrostis Teff) at a ratio of 1 : 1, 1 : 3, or 3 : 1. The developmental parameters including days elapsed for mycelium invasion (MI), pinhead formation (PF), and the first flush (FH) were monitored. Growth parameters (cap diameter (CD) and stalk length (SL)), a yield parameter (total weight of mushroom yield), and biological efficiency (BF %) were also recorded. Finally, the economic return (ER) of all the treatments was calculated. A one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to test the significance of variation between the different parameters on the production parameters. Means were separated using the Tukey test, when F-test from ANOVA was significant at p ≤ 0.05 . It was observed that water hyacinth biomass alone or supplemented with wheat or teff straw provided promising performance on oyster mushroom development, growth, yield, and biological efficiency compared to the costly substrates (wheat and teff straw). Thus, water hyacinth can be considered as a low-cost substrate for mushroom cultivation and a means to control this aquatic weed from rapid spreading.

Valuation of the growth response of oyster (Pleurotus ostreatus) mushroom on partially composted sesame stalk with different blends of wheat straw

“…Beyond the button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus), which is the most widely grown and commercially produced type of edible mushroom worldwide, particularly in Southeast Asia, India, Europe, and Africa, the oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) is the second most common type. In contrast to other edible mushrooms, oyster mushrooms can be grown easily and affordably in the 10-30°C and pH (6-8) range by breaking down lignocellulosic substrate; they also require fewer environmental controls, can quickly colonize substrates, and their fruiting bodies are not often attacked by pests and diseases [5,6].…”

Identification of two phthalide derivatives and an oxindole compound isolated from the edible mushroom <i>Pleurotus ostreatus</i> and their inhibitory activities against plant pathogenic microorganisms

“…16 ) It is mainly found on living trees and decaying trunks, 17 ) displaying characteristics of a wood-destroying saprophyte. 18 ) Among edible mushrooms, P. ostreatus is the second most cultivated mushroom worldwide 19 , 20 ) and the second most commercially available mushroom in many Asian countries. 21 ) Its relatively short cultivation period compared to other edible mushrooms makes it ideal for cultivation.…”

Nutritional Value, Medicinal Importance, and Health-Promoting Effects of Dietary Mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus)

“…are commonly referred to as "oyster mushrooms" [7]. Worldwide, Pleurotus ostreatus is one of the most common types of cultivated mushrooms [8], and next to the Agaricus bisporus mushroom it is the 2nd largest commercially produced mushroom globally, especially in Europe, Africa [9,10], and Asian countries (especially India, South Korea, China, Taiwan, Japan, ailand, and Vietnam) which are the main producers and consumers of P. ostreatus mushrooms with approximately 99% of the total volume [9]. It was first cultivated in the USA in 1900 [7,11].…”

“…P. ostreatus cultivation has so many advantages over other edible mushrooms [8]. ese are as follows: (1) grows fast under a wide range of temperatures (10 °C to 30 °C) and pH (6)(7)(8) [8], (2) secretes a wide range of enzymes that are capable of degrading lingo-cellulosic biomass of substrates [12], (3) has high-yield potential and high nutritional value and medicinal importance, (4) demands a few environmental control, (5) can colonize substrates in a shorter time, and (6) does not need composting of its substrate.…”

“…ostreatus cultivation has so many advantages over other edible mushrooms [8]. ese are as follows: (1) grows fast under a wide range of temperatures (10 °C to 30 °C) and pH (6)(7)(8) [8], (2) secretes a wide range of enzymes that are capable of degrading lingo-cellulosic biomass of substrates [12], (3) has high-yield potential and high nutritional value and medicinal importance, (4) demands a few environmental control, (5) can colonize substrates in a shorter time, and (6) does not need composting of its substrate. Moreover, their fruiting bodies are not often attacked by any diseases and pests, they can be cultivated in general in simple and cheap ways, and their cultivation needs only pasteurization which is cheap and does not require a more expensive method like sterilization [8].…”