Evaluation of oxidative damage and Nrf2 activation by combined pollution exposure in lung epithelial cells

Cervellati, Franco; Woodby, Brittany; Benedusi, Mascia; Ferrara, Francesca; Guiotto, Anna; Valacchi, Giuseppe

doi:10.1007/s11356-020-09412-w

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…In cultured cells, an interaction of ozone and CB has been demonstrated using electron microscopy methodology which results in a greater penetration and subsequent number of particles. 64 This was postulated to result from a damage of biological membranes by ozone allowing increased particle entry into biological systems. However, while not previously reported, the observation of a greater number and larger particles after animal exposure to CB-O 3 , relative to CB-Air, may reflect an artifact of intratracheal delivery.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ozone Reacts With Carbon Black to Produce a Fulvic Acid-Like Substance and Increase an Inflammatory Effect

et al. 2020

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Exposure to ambient ozone has been associated with increased human mortality. Ozone exposure can introduce oxygen-containing functional groups in particulate matter (PM) effecting a greater capacity of the particle for metal complexation and inflammatory effect. We tested the postulate that (1) a fulvic acid-like substance can be produced through a reaction of a carbonaceous particle with high concentrations of ozone and (2) such a fulvic acid-like substance included in the PM can initiate inflammatory effects following exposure of respiratory epithelial (BEAS-2B) cells and an animal model (male Wistar Kyoto rats). Carbon black (CB) was exposed for 72 hours to either filtered air (CB-Air) or approximately 100 ppm ozone (CB-O3). Carbon black exposure to high levels of ozone produced water-soluble, fluorescent organic material. Iron import by BEAS-2B cells at 4 and 24 hours was not induced by incubations with CB-Air but was increased following coexposures of CB-O3 with ferric ammonium citrate. In contrast to CB-Air, exposure of BEAS-2B cells and rats to CB-O3 for 24 hours increased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and lung injury, respectively. It is concluded that inflammatory effects of carbonaceous particles on cells can potentially result from (1) an inclusion of a fulvic acid-like substance after reaction with ozone and (2) changes in iron homeostasis following such exposure.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ozone Reacts With Carbon Black to Produce a Fulvic Acid-Like Substance and Increase an Inflammatory Effect

et al. 2020

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“…Beta actin was used as reference gene, while samples were compared using the relative cycle threshold (CT). After normalization, quantitative relative gene expression was calculated by the 2 −∆∆Ct method [38].…”

Section: Rna Extraction and Quantitative Real Time Pcr (Qrt-pcr)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Extra Virgin Olive Oil Extracts of Indigenous Southern Tuscany Cultivar Act as Anti-Inflammatory and Vasorelaxant Nutraceuticals

et al. 2022

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Extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) is the typical source of fats in the Mediterranean diet. While fatty acids are essential for the EVOO nutraceutical properties, multiple biological activities are also due to the presence of polyphenols. In this work, autochthonous Tuscany EVOOs were chemically characterized and selected EVOO samples were extracted to obtain hydroalcoholic phytocomplexes, which were assayed to establish their anti-inflammatory and vasorelaxant properties. The polar extracts were characterized via 1H-NMR and UHPLC-HRMS to investigate the chemical composition and assayed in CaCo-2 cells exposed to glucose oxidase or rat aorta rings contracted by phenylephrine. Apigenin and luteolin were found as representative flavones; other components were pinoresinol, ligstroside, and oleuropein. The extracts showed anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties via modulation of NF-κB and Nrf2 pathways, respectively, and good vasorelaxant activity, both in the presence and absence of an intact endothelium. In conclusion, this study evaluated the nutraceutical properties of autochthonous Tuscany EVOO cv., which showed promising anti-inflammatory and vasorelaxant effects.

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“…The key involvement of this pathway as the vital defensive mechanism to cope with skin's environmental stressors was demonstrated in many studies [50] [51]. Nrf2 is an essential biological pathway, explaining the resilience of skin, continuously affected by various types of outdoor stressors, such as UV radiation, ozone, and environmental pollutants [1] [4] [50] [51] [52]. Moreover, the involvement of Nrf2 transcription factor and subsequent expression of phase II protecting enzymes in skin, as a response to MIOS, has not been fully elucidated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nrf2 Pathway Involvement in the Beneficial Skin Effects of Moderate Ionic Osmotic Stress—The Case of The Dead Sea Water

Cohen¹,

Ma’or²,

Cohen³

et al. 2022

JCDSA

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Objectives: Exposing skin to moderate ionic osmotic stress (MIOS) triggers several biochemical responses. The objective of this work is to reveal the mechanism triggered by MIOS on the skin surface. Furthermore, this work aims to study the involvement of the Nrf2 (nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2) pathway, activated by MIOS, and its beneficial effect in protecting skin against stress via the stimulation of phase II enzymes. Methods: HaCaT cells and human skin organ culture were exposed to Dead Sea Water (DSW) as MIOS inducers and the induction of internal ROS elevation, Nrf2 translocation, mRNA gene expressions of the phase II enzymes, heme-oxygenase 1 (HO1), and Catalase (CAT) were determined. Results: Skin exposure to MIOS increases Nrf2 translocation to the nucleus, leading to increased levels of ROS, HO1, and CAT. Furthermore, exposing skin to MIOS promotes protection against UVB-related risks. This is demonstrated by attenuation of the expression of biomarkers, related to UVB-induced damage, Caspase-3, IL-8, and IL-1β. Conclusions: Skin exposure to MIOS leads to the activation of Nrf2 skin defense pathway and, therefore, could present beneficial advantages to human skin health, as demonstrated on human skin models. The beneficial effects of MIOS, induced by DSW are significantly superior to eq. NaCl brine, suggests that MIOS protection of skin against stress is partially related to specific mineral combinations.

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Evaluation of oxidative damage and Nrf2 activation by combined pollution exposure in lung epithelial cells

Cited by 13 publications

References 65 publications

Ozone Reacts With Carbon Black to Produce a Fulvic Acid-Like Substance and Increase an Inflammatory Effect

Ozone Reacts With Carbon Black to Produce a Fulvic Acid-Like Substance and Increase an Inflammatory Effect

Extra Virgin Olive Oil Extracts of Indigenous Southern Tuscany Cultivar Act as Anti-Inflammatory and Vasorelaxant Nutraceuticals

Nrf2 Pathway Involvement in the Beneficial Skin Effects of Moderate Ionic Osmotic Stress—The Case of The Dead Sea Water

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