Evaluation of outdoor thermal comfort in sunlight, building shade, and pergola shade during summer in a humid subtropical region

“…The decrease in MRT caused by solar radiation shielding was dominant over the improvement in SET*. Assuming the implementation of adaptation measures such as shading, MRT was evaluated using the following indices: solar transmittance τ, evaporation rate E, solar absorptance a, and convective heat transfer coefficient h. Assuming that the human body is spherical with a solar absorptance a h which is assumed to be 0.5, MRT can be calculated from Equation 1 [55][56][57]:…”

Section: Mrt and Surface Temperature Reduction Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Simple Method to Evaluate Adaptation Measures for Urban Heat Island

Takebayashi

2018

Environments

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In recent years, adaptation measures such as awnings, louvers, directional reflective materials, mist sprays, and evaporative materials, have been developed with the expectation that they will serve as effective solutions to outdoor human thermal environments that are under the influence of urban heat island. A simple method to evaluate the aforementioned adaptation measures is examined in this study, focusing on their appropriate introduction on urban space. The influence of the solar transmittance of adaptation measures such as shading, on mean radiant temperature (MRT) is approximately 1.5 • C per 0.10. If a shielding device that reflects a large amount of solar radiation and facilitates high levels of evaporation is developed, MRT and standard new effective temperature (SET*) will both decrease.

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“…Several studies on outdoor thermal comfort with different objectives and methods of analysis have been carried out in warm humid tropical and subtropical regions. For example, in the humid subtropical region, studies by Chen et al (2015), Cheng et al (2012), Hirashima et al (2016), Hwang and Lin (2007), Hwang et al (2010), Li et al (2016a), Lin et al (2013), Lin (2009), Lin et al (2011), Lin et al (2012a), Lin et al (2012b), Lin and Matzarakis (2008), Liu et al (2016), Lucchese et al (2016), Ng and Cheng (2012), Spagnolo and de Dear (2003), Watanabe et al (2014), Xi et al (2012) and Yang et al (2013b) were carried out. In the tropical rainforest region, studies by Makaremi et al (2012), Trindade da Silva and Engel de Alvarez (2015), Yang et al (2013a) and Yang et al (2013b) were carried out.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From the beginning of the last decade, several studies (Ahmed 2003;Hwang and Lin 2007;Lin 2009;Lin and Matzarakis 2008;Spagnolo and de Dear 2003) have focused on the causal linkage between biophysical environments and the subject's state of thermal comfort in warm humid climates. In these studies, different thermal indices were applied; some of the studies (Huang et al 2017;Johansson et al 2018;Kruger et al 2017;Spagnolo and de Dear 2003;Watanabe et al 2014) compared more than one index. In addition, some studies (Ahmed 2003;Villadiego and Velay-Dabat 2014;Yin et al 2012) did not use commonly known thermal indices; instead, air temperature was considered in the evaluation of the outdoor thermal comfort.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of studies on outdoor thermal comfort in warm humid climates: challenges of informal urban fabric

2019

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In warm humid climate regions where majority of the population spend most of the time outdoors, an adequate outdoor thermal environment is crucial. A number of studies on outdoor thermal comfort in warm humid climates were carried out in the past decade. However, most of these studies focused on the formal urban fabric and left the informal urban fabric, where typically 30 to 85% of the population in developing countries resides, unattended. Theoretically, the informal urban fabric structure of towns/ cities poses many outdoor thermal environmental challenges, such as lack of air movement, high thermal stress and discomfort. This paper reviews previous research on outdoor thermal comfort in warm humid climates, and, particularly, it focuses on the relationship between outdoor thermal comfort and urban fabric as well as human thermal perception. Regarding the formal urban fabric, this review asserts that the thermal comfort range is higher in warm humid climates than in temperate climates and that thermal indices alone cannot predict thermal comfort; behavioural and psychological adaptation have proven to have a big impact on thermal perception. As for the informal urban fabric, only few studies have investigated the influence of the urban geometry and none has studied people's thermal perception of the outdoor thermal environment. To conclude, the article highlights practical challenges posed by the informal urban fabric in contrast to the formal urban fabric in terms of structure (morphology). Keywords Outdoor thermal comfort. Warm humid climates. Thermal indices. Informal urban fabric. Informal settlements. Acceptable index temperature limits * Modest Maurus Baruti

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Evaluation of outdoor thermal comfort in sunlight, building shade, and pergola shade during summer in a humid subtropical region

Cited by 110 publications

References 22 publications

A review of human thermal comfort in the built environment

A review of human thermal comfort in the built environment

A Simple Method to Evaluate Adaptation Measures for Urban Heat Island

Review of studies on outdoor thermal comfort in warm humid climates: challenges of informal urban fabric

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