Evaluation of organochlorine pesticide residues in soil and plants from East Europe and Central Asia

Łozowicka, Bożena; Kaczyński, Piotr; Wołejko, Elżbieta; Piekutin, Janina; Sagitov, A. O.; Toleubayev, K.; Isenova, Gulmira; Abzeitova, Elmira

doi:10.1080/19443994.2014.996008

Cited by 38 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The degradation rate of these compounds was influenced by climate and soil environment conditions, sources of contamination, transport mechanisms and soil properties [35]. The high differences in OCP concentrations corresponded to data noted for German and Chinese agricultural soils [32,36] The relatively high DDT residues in most monitored soils can be a consequence of permissible application of these compounds before 1970s, when the use of this pesticide was finally restricted [4,27,29,31]. It was estimated that DDT production reached approximately 0.7-0.8 million Mg in Europe.…”

Section: Ocp Soil Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…Similarly, TC and TN (3.6-39.4 and 0.4-3.6, respectively) with mean TC/TN ratio equaling 9.4 (CoV = 18.5%) indicated a varying degree of organic matter decomposition [30]. Results present the characteristic data for agricultural soils of Poland and other neighboring European countries [2,6,[27][28][29]31].…”

Section: Soil Physicochemical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The extensive use of DDT resulted from the low costs of its manufacturing and high efficacy as an insecticide product. Despite Europe and the US banning the use of DDT, Asian countries and less economically developed countries in other continents [4,8,29,[36][37][38] still use it. Therefore, DDTs can be transported with atmospheric particles to other countries and deposited in soils in temperate climate conditions.…”

Section: Ocp Soil Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to these documents, the concentration of chlorinated-pesticide compounds (OCP) such as: sum of DDT (p,p'DDT, p,p'DDE, p,p'DDD), aldrin, dieldrin, endrin, α-HCH, β-HCH, γ-HCH and non-chlorinated pesticide compounds (NCP): carbaryl, carbofuran, atrazine, and maneb should be subjected to constant monitoring in soils. Although information on the pesticide residue content in Polish soils was included in the publications of several authors (Maliszewska-Kordybach et al [27], Bojakowska and Gliwicz [28], Łozowicka et al [29]) it is still unsatisfactory because a new toxic organic compounds group was included in the monitoring system. This manuscript provides broader analysis on the content of chlorinated-and non-chlorinated pesticide residues in arable Polish soils.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of Pesticide Residue Content in Polish Agricultural Soils

2020

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Pesticides belong to a group of xenobiotics harmful to humans and wildlife, whose fate and activity depends on their susceptibility to degradation. Therefore, the monitoring of their residue level in agricultural soils is very important because it provides very valuable information on the actual level of soil contamination and environmental risk resulting from their application. The aim of this study was to evaluate contemporary concentrations of organochlorine (OCPs) and non-chlorinated pesticides (NCPs) in arable soils of Poland as an example of Central and Eastern European countries. The results were assessed in relation to Polish regulations, which are more restrictive compared to those of other European countries. The sampling area covered the territory of arable lands in Poland (216 sampling points). The distribution of sampling points aimed to reflect different geographical districts, conditions of agricultural production, and various soil properties. The collected soil samples were extracted with organic solvents in an accelerated solvent extractor (ASE 2000). The OCPs, including α-HCH, β-HCH, γ-HCH, and p,p’DDT, p,p’DDE, and p,p’DDD, were extracted with a hexane/acetone mixture (70:30 v/v) and determined by gas chromatography with an electron capture detector (GC-μECD). NCPs included atrazine, carbaryl, and carbofuran were extracted with a dichloromethane/acetone mixture (50:50 v/v), while maneb was extracted by intensive shaking the sample with acetone (1:1 v/v) and ethylenediamine-tertraacetic acid. The NCPs were identified by a dual mass- spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). The total content of individual OCPs ranged from 0.61 to 1031.64 µg kg−1, while the NCP concentrations were significantly lower, from 0.01 to 43.92 µg kg−1. DDTs were detected in all soils samples (p,p’DDD (23.60 µg kg−1) > p,p’DDT (18.23 µg kg−1) > p,p’DDE (4.06 µg kg−1), while HCHs were only in 4% of the analyzed samples (β-HCH (339.55 µg kg−1) > α-HCH (96.96 µg kg−1) > γ-HCH (3.04 µg kg−1)), but in higher values than DDTs. Among NCPs, higher concentration was observed for carbaryl (<0.01–28.07 µg kg−1) and atrazine (<0.01–15.85 µg kg−1), while the lower for carbofuran (<0.01–0.54 µg kg−1). Maneb was not detected in analyzed soils. Assessment of the level of soil pollution based on Polish regulations indicated that several percentages of the samples exceeded the criterion for OCPs, such as ∑3DDTs (14 samples; 6.5% of soils) and HCH congeners (α-HCH in one sample; 0.5% of soils), while NCP concentration, such as for atrazine, carbaryl and carbofuran were below the permissible levels or were not detected in the analyzed soils, e.g., maneb. The obtained results indicated that residues of the analyzed pesticides originate from historical agricultural deposition and potentially do not pose a direct threat to human and animal health. The behavior and persistence of pesticides in the soils depend on their properties. Significantly lower NCP concentration in the soils resulted from their lower hydrophobicity and higher susceptibility to leaching into the soil profile. OCPs are characterized by a high half-life time, which affect their significantly higher persistence in soils resulting from affinity to the soil organic phase.

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Section: Ocp Soil Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: Soil Physicochemical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ocp Soil Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of Pesticide Residue Content in Polish Agricultural Soils

2020

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“…Azoxystrobin residue in soil was determined by the method described in the paper by Łozowicka et al (2016). The chemical analyses were carried out with an Agilent 7890A gas chromatographic unit (Santa Clara, California, USA).…”

Section: Materials and Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioaugmentation of Soil Contaminated with Azoxystrobin

Baćmaga

Wyszkowska

Kucharski

2016

Water Air Soil Pollut

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The presence of fungicides in the natural environment, either resulting from deliberate actions or not, has become a serious threat to many ecosystems, including soil. This can be prevented by taking appropriate measures to clear the environment of organic contamination, including fungicides. Therefore, a study was conducted aimed at determining the effect of bioaugmentation of soil exposed to azoxystrobin on its degradation and activity of selected enzymes (dehydrogenases, catalase, urease, acidic phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase). A model experiment was conducted for 90 days on two types of soil: loamy sand (pHKCl—5.6) and sandy loam (pHKCl—7.0), which were contaminated by azoxystrobin at 22.50 mg kg−1 DM of soil and inoculated with a specific consortium of microorganisms. Four strains of bacteria were used in the experiment (Bacillus sp. LM655314.1, B. cereus KC848897.1, B. weihenstephanensis KF831381.1, B. megaterium KJ843149.1) and two strains of mould fungi (Aphanoascus terreus AB861677.1, A. fulvescens JN943451.1). Inoculation of soil with the consortium of microorganisms accelerated the degradation of azoxystrobin. The isolated microorganisms were more active in loamy sand because within 90 days azoxystrobin was degraded by 24% (Bacillus sp., B. cereus, B. weihenstephanensis, B. megaterium) to 78% (Aphanoascus terreus, A. fulvescens). In sandy loam, azoxystrobin was degraded by 9% (Aphanoascus terreus, A. fulvescens) to 29% (Bacillus sp., B. cereus, B. weihenstephanensis, B. megaterium and Aphanoascus terreus, A. fulvescens). The activity of soil enzymes was also changed as a result of inoculation of soil with microorganisms. The activity of all of the enzymes under study was found to have increased when soil augmentation was performed.

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