Evaluation of organic and inorganic compounds in the saliva of patients with chronic periodontal disease

Abstract

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of periodontal disease on the biochemical parameters of the saliva, including salivary flow rate, pH, total protein, alkaline phosphatase activity and urea concentration, in individuals with chronic periodontitis. Methods: Forty subjects were allocated into two groups: twenty subjects without periodontal disease (control group) and twenty subjects with chronic periodontitis (test group). Plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), probing depth (PD) and clinical attachment level (CAL) were obtained by a previously trained and calibrated clinical examiner. Saliva from both groups was collected for analysis of its biochemical parameters. The Student's t-test and correlation coefficient (Pearson) were used at a 5% level of significance. Results: The results showed alterations in the alkaline phosphatase activity, urea concentration and total protein in the subjects of the test group compared to the control group (P<0.05). However, there was no correlation between the clinical periodontal parameters and the salivary parameters (P>0.05). Conclusion: The results suggest that chronic periodontitis can affect the composition of the saliva and that analysis of the salivary parameters can be useful as an additional exam for the diagnosis of periodontal disease.

Comparisons between two biochemical markers in evaluating periodontal disease severity: a cross-sectional study

“…It was demonstrated in this study that either CS or ALP levels were positively correlated with all four clinical parameters, which represent periodontal destruction and inflammation. The positive correlations of elevated CS and ALP levels with increased clinical severity are in line with the findings from previous studies [ 14 , 17 , 35 ]. However, in this study, all four correlations between the clinical parameters and CS levels were stronger than those between clinical parameters and ALP levels, corresponding with the ability of CS levels, but not ALP levels, to differentiate between moderate and severe periodontal destruction as mentioned above.…”

“…Among host-derived enzymes, positive association between alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and periodontal disease activity has previously been reported [ 15 , 16 ]. This membrane-bound glycoprotein, which functions as a phospho-hydrolytic enzyme, is a calcium- and phosphate-binding protein [ 17 ]. ALP is released from neutrophils and, thus, detected in GCF collected from inflamed periodontium as well as from osteoblasts during bone formation [ 18 , 19 ].…”

Effect of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles on the Activity of Salivary Alkaline Phosphatase in Chronic Periodontitis Patients

“…27 A different study revealed no significant correlation in clinical parameters and salivary parameters. 28 In contrast, in a study the activity of the enzyme was found to be positively correlated with periodontal parameters. 29 A study by Todorovic et al 30 showed a between the values of the GI activity of some salivary enzymes such as ALP.…”

Evaluation of Salivary Zinc Level in Chronic Periodontitis Patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus and Non-Diabetics in Khartoum State 2019: A Case Control Study

“…(3) Diagnoses of periodontitis are made by several periodontal parameters, including Plaque Index(PI), Gingival Index(GI), and Clinical Attachment Level(CAL). (4) It is mainly treated by the removal of the causative agents (dental plaque) by utilizing the scaling and root planning. (5) Zinc (Zn) is one of the micronutrients that is very important for normal growth, maintaining the integrity of the cell membrane, and for insulin action .…”