Evaluation of odonto/osteogenic differentiation potential from different regions derived dental tissue stem cells and effect of 17β-estradiol on efficiency

Abstract

Background The dentin is a tissue, which is formed by odontoblasts at the pulp interface of the teeth that supports the enamel. Odontoblasts, the cranial neural crest cells are derived from ectodermal mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and are long and polarized cells. They are present at the outer surface of dentin and play a prominent role about dentin formation. Recently, attention has been focused on induction of odontoblast using various type of MSCs and effects of the 17ß-estradiol supplementation. In this study, we establish an efficient odonto/osteoblast differentiation protocol using 17ß-estradiol supplementation while comparing the odonto/osteoblast ability of various dental MSCs. Methods Same donor derived four types of dental MSCs namely dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), stem cells from apical papilla (SCAP), dental follicle stem cells (DFSCs), and periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) were evaluated for their stemness characteristics and potency towards odonto/osteoblast (Induced odonto/osteoblast) differentiation. Then 17ß-estradiol supplementation of 0 and 10 µM was applied to the odonto/osteoblast differentiation media for 14 days respectively. Furthermore, mRNA and protein levels of odonto/osteoblast markers were evaluated. Results All of the experimental groups displayed stemness characteristics by showing adipocyte and chondrocyte differentiation abilities, expression for cell surface markers and cell proliferation capacity without any significant differences. Moreover, all dental derived MSCs were shown to have odonto/osteoblast differentiation ability when cultured under specific conditions and also showed positive expression for odontoblast markers at both mRNA and protein level. Among all, DPSCs revealed the higher differentiation potential than other dental MSCs. Furthermore, odonto/osteoblast differentiation potential was enhanced by supplementing the differentiation media with 17ß-estradiol (E2). Conclusions Thus, DPSCs possess higher odonto/osteogenic potential than the SCAPs, DFSCs, PDLSCs and their differentiation capacity can by further enhanced under E2 supplementation.

The effects and potential applications of concentrated growth factor in dentin–pulp complex regeneration

“…SCs are undifferentiated clonogenic cells that continuously undergo self-renewal and differentiation [ 44 ]. A variety of SCs involved in DPC regeneration have been isolated from dental tissue including dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), SCs of the apical papilla (SCAPs), periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs), and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) [ 45 , 46 ]. GFs activate multiple signalling pathways and mechanisms that regulate the behaviour of SCs by binding to cell surface receptors [ 47 ].…”

Comparative Study of Biological Characteristics, and Osteoblast Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Established From Camelus Dromedaries Skeletal Muscle, Dermal Skin, and Adipose Tissues

“…The isolation and culture of mesenchymal stem cells from skeletal muscle (SM-MSCs), dermal skin (DS-MSCs), and adipose tissues (A-MSCs) were conducted following previously reported techniques with minor modification [4,6]. In the present study, a total of 4 female camels aged from 4 to 5 years and weighing approximately 400 kg were used.…”

“…We conduct a population doubling time (PDT) assay to evaluate the cell proliferation capacity [4]. All cells were seeded into 6-well plates (Nunc, NY, USA).…”

“…Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a promising source of multipotent cells having self-replication, and multi-lineage capacity including adipocytes, chondrocytes, and osteoblasts [4][5][6][7]. They are suitable for stem cell therapeutic applications without any ethical issues and immune-reaction [6,7].…”

Vitrification of camel skin tissue for use as a resource for somatic cell nuclear transfer in Camelus dromedarius

“…1 f ) (Morgunova et al 2016 ). To evaluate the conditions of the cells, we conducted cell cycle analysis following previous reports (Yang et al 2006 ; Son et al 2021 ). In brief, cells were fixed with 70% ethanol at 4°C overnight.…”