Evaluation of Novel Doxorubicin-Loaded Magnetic Wax Nanocomposite Vehicles as Cancer Combinatorial Therapy Agents

Abstract

<jats:p>The development of nanotechnology-based solutions for cancer at a preclinical level advances at an astounding pace. So far, clinical translation of these new developments has not been able to keep the pace due to a range of different reasons. One of them is the mismatch between in vitro and in vivo results coming from the expected difference in complexity. To overcome this problem, extensive characterisation using advanced in vitro models can lead to stronger preliminary data to face in vivo tests. Here, a comprehensive in vitro validation of a combinatorial therapy nanoformulation against solid tumours is presented. The information extracted from the different in vitro models highlights the importance of advanced 3D models to fully understand the potential of this type of complex drugs.</jats:p>

The progression of doxorubicin-induced intestinal mucositis in rats

“…As such, DOX may increase the permeability only of large probes via the leak pathway. Furthermore, the mice in the Cray et al study were treated with 20 mg/kg DOX, whereas the T-84 monolayers were exposed to 40 µg/mL, a concentration over 100-fold higher than the average 6 h plasma concentration determined in our study, and 10 times higher than reported T84 IC 50 values (Jiménez-López et al 2020 ). Thus, there may be strong dose-dependent differences in the in vitro and in vivo models with regard to their ability to uphold a functioning mucosal barrier.…”

A Novel Nanomedicine System TAR‐AuNSs/Dox for the Treatment of Drug‐Resistant Lymphoma

“…In this research, free Dox obviously reduced the activity of Daudi cells but not Daudi/R cells and increased the apoptosis rate, which was consistent with the in vivo animal study. However, Dox and other anticancer drugs are poorly water-soluble, and their clinical application in cancer treatment is limited [22]. It was reported that AuNSs is a promising drug delivery system for hydrophobic drugs with high loading rate [23].…”

Insights into the Effect of Magnetic Confinement on the Performance of Magnetic Nanocomposites in Magnetic Hyperthermia and Magnetic Resonance Imaging

“…Several studies have shown that SPION confinement results in a superior r 2 in the nearby water protons, ,− facilitating their detection by MRI and decreasing image artifacts. For instance, the relaxivity of SPIONs confined in the inner core of lipid nanosystems was reported to be 2–5-fold higher than that of single noninteracting SPIONs ( r 2 ≈ 200–900 mM –1 ·s –1 at 1.41 T vs r 2 = 49.5 mM –1 ·s –1 at 1.5 T). ,, This variation might be presumably ascribed to differences in SPION clusters’ magnetic moment and concentration, and to the hydrophobic nature of the lipid core preventing the diffusion of water molecules toward SPIONs embedded in the lipid matrix . Hence, the interaction between the water protons and the magnetic field generated by the SPIONs extends over time, translating into enhanced relaxivity properties .…”