Evaluation of North Water Spring Ice Cover from Satellite Photographs

Aber, Philip Geoffrey; Vowinckel, E.

doi:10.14430/arctic2970

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…While Dunbar's findings compare with the Tracker estimates of 4.3 km/day, Dey's findings are doubled in speed. Aber and Vowinkel (1972), during the spring, found speeds of 10.5-11.8 km/day, which are comparable to the Tracker findings of 9.5 km/day. Ito and Müller (1982), for the same period, estimated ice speeds at 4 km/day in Smith Sound, just under the 6.9 km/day found in 266 / K.J.…”

Section: Results and Discussion A Validation Of Tracker Ice Motionsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…The ice motion fields could also be helpful in understanding polynya dynamics through the identification of spatial regions and seasonal variability of export, import and redistribution of ice within the polynya. Early ice motion studies of the NOW Polynya were accomplished through visually tracking ice motion using weather satellite data (Aber and Vowinkel, 1972;Muench, 1975). Aber and Vowinkel (1972) found that the spring ice motion in 1969 and 1970 was to the north and west along the eastern side of the polynya and towards the south on the western side of the polynya.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Early ice motion studies of the NOW Polynya were accomplished through visually tracking ice motion using weather satellite data (Aber and Vowinkel, 1972;Muench, 1975). Aber and Vowinkel (1972) found that the spring ice motion in 1969 and 1970 was to the north and west along the eastern side of the polynya and towards the south on the western side of the polynya. Visually derived speeds ranged from 10.5 km/day in April to 11.8 km/day in June.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Validation and production of RADARSAT‐1 derived ice‐motion maps in the North Water (NOW) polynya, January ‐ December 1998

Wilson¹,

Barber

King

2001

Atmosphere-Ocean

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Monitoring ice motion may provide insight into the atmospheric and oceanic forces acting on ice motion and thus the mechanisms that contribute to polynya dynamics. A study of ice kinematics in the North Water (NOW) region was performed using time sequential and spatially overlapping RADARSAT-1 ScanSAR Wide images (January to December 1998) processed by the Canadian Ice Service (CIS) Ice Tracking Algorithm (Tracker). The objectives of this research were to: 1) validate the NOW region ice motions derived using Tracker; 2) create monthly image-maps that present ice speeds and directions over the NOW region for an entire year (January to December 1998); 3) compare these results to previous ice motion studies done in the NOW region; and 4) develop initial insights into relations between derived ice motion and latent and sensible heat mechanisms in the NOW Polynya. Tracker ice motions were validated using in situ ice beacons deployed between April and November 1998. Tracker magnitude and direction coefficients of determination (R 2 ) were 0.93 and 0.79 respectively, with standard errors of estimate of 3.6 km in magnitude and 38.8° in direction. The monthly ice motion maps describe the annual evolution of the polynya quite accurately and compare well to other studies. High levels of ice export are found which supports the theory that winds or ocean currents continually remove ice from the polynya as it forms. A northward import of ice into the polynya along the Greenland coast shows the recycling of ice into the polynya. Evidence of oceanic (sensible) heat contributing to the open water of the polynya was not evident using the Tracker ice motion methods. RÉSUMÉ [Traduit par la rédaction] La surveillance du mouvement des glaces peut donner un aperçu des forces atmosphériques et océaniques qui déterminent le mouvement des glaces et donc des mécanismes qui participent à la dynamique de la polynie. Une étude de la dynamique des glaces a été réalisée dans la région de la polynie des eaux du Nord à l'aide d'une séquence temporelle d'images qui se chevauchent dans l'espace. Ces images, de type ScanSAR Large, ont été produites de janvier à décembre 1998 par RADARSAT-1 et traitées par l'algorithme de poursuite des glaces (Tracker) du Centre canadien des glaces (CCG). L'étude avait pour objectifs : 1) de valider le mouvement des glaces dérivé par le Tracker dans la région de la polynie des eaux du Nord; 2) de créer des cartes-images mensuelles des vitesses et des directions des glaces dans cette région pour toute l'année (de janvier à décembre 1998); 3) de comparer ces résultats aux études précédentes sur le mouvement des glaces faites dans la région; et 4) de donner une première idée des relations qui existent entre le mouvement dérivé des glaces et les mécanismes de chaleur latente et sensible dans la polynie des eaux du Nord. Les mouvements des glaces donnés par le Tracker ont été validés par des balises à glace déployées sur place entre avril et novembre 1998. Les coefficients de détermination (R 2 ) de la grandeur et de la...

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Section: Results and Discussion A Validation Of Tracker Ice Motionsupporting

confidence: 80%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Validation and production of RADARSAT‐1 derived ice‐motion maps in the North Water (NOW) polynya, January ‐ December 1998

Wilson¹,

Barber

King

2001

Atmosphere-Ocean

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“…As a result, the history of North Water has been well documented (Dunbar and Dunbar, 1972). R ecent investigations of North Water mechanisms were conducted by reconnaissance flights and satellites (Dunbar and Greenaway, 1956;Dunbar, 1969Dunbar, , 1972; Aber and Vowinckel, 1972;Ito and Miiller, 1977) . In addition, an interdisciplinary programme was undertaken jointly by McGill University, Arctic Institute of North America, and Geographisches Institut des ETH of Switzerland (Muller andothers, 1975,1976;Muller, 1976).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of Satellite Thermal Infrared Images for Monitoring North Water during the Periods of Polar Darkness

Dey

1980

J. Glaciol.

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The study reported here illustrates the unique value of NOAA thermal infrared (TIR) images for monitoring the North Water area in Smith Sound and northern Baffin Bay during the periods of polar darkness. Wintertime satellite images reveal that, during the months of December through February, open water and thin ice occur in a few leads and polynyas. However, in March, the areas of open water and thin ice decrease to a minimum with a consequent higher concentration of ice. Two ice dams, in northern Kennedy Channel and in northern Smith Sound, regulate the flow of ice into northern Baffin Bay and also determine the areal variations of open water and thin ice in Smith Sound.

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“…Fast ice is less of a problem to modern shipping than offshore, multi-year pack ice, particularly where shipping schedules are planned to follow the break-up. In the Baffin Bay-Davis Strait region, the practice (dating back to the early whalers) has been to follow the flaw lead along the west Greenland coast in order to reach open water in northern Baffin Bay where break-up advances southward from a recurring polynya known as the "North Water" (Aber and Vowinckel, 1972) (Fig 1). The eastern Baffin Island coast is generally visited by shipping in late summer and early autumn (mid-August to mid-October).…”

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confidence: 99%

Fast ice characteristics, with special reference to the eastern Canadian Arctic

Jacobs¹,

Barry²,

Weaver³

1975

Polar Record

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Arctic sea ice is currently receiving increasing attention, both in relation to technological problems associated with resources development and shipping (Walker and Penney, 1973), and to basic research questions. The polar pack ice in the Beaufort Sea, for example, is the focus of the Arctic Ice Dynamics Joint Experiment (AIDJEX) (Untersteiner, 1974), while an analysis of physical links between the characteristics of polar surfaces and climate is to be the crux of the United States contribution to the Polar Experiment (POLEX) (Weller and Bierly, 1973; National Academy of Sciences, 1974). A general discussion of sea ice, with emphasis on pack ice, has been presented recently by Wittman and Burkhart (1973), but another aspect of the sea ice regime deserving separate attention, particularly in the light of Arctic offshore oil developments, is the landfast or fast ice, ie that part of the sea ice which remains attached to the shore (see “Sea ice terminology”). This paper attempts to provide a broad picture of fast ice characteristics in the context of our field experience in the eastern Canadian Arctic.

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Evaluation of North Water Spring Ice Cover from Satellite Photographs

Cited by 14 publications

References 2 publications

Validation and production of RADARSAT‐1 derived ice‐motion maps in the North Water (NOW) polynya, January ‐ December 1998

Validation and production of RADARSAT‐1 derived ice‐motion maps in the North Water (NOW) polynya, January ‐ December 1998

Applications of Satellite Thermal Infrared Images for Monitoring North Water during the Periods of Polar Darkness

Fast ice characteristics, with special reference to the eastern Canadian Arctic

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