Evaluation of non-enteric sources of non-methane volatile organic compound (NMVOC) emissions from dairies

Emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs): chemical compositions and separation of sources

“…Here, we provide a brief description of the instrument (see details in Yuan et al, 2016). VOCs are ionized by H 3 O + ions in a drift tube, similar to a PTR-MS (de Gouw and Warneke, 2007). The protonated product ions are detected using a high-resolution time-of-flight (ToF) analyzer (Tofwerk AG) (m/ m = 4000-6000).…”

“…Ngwabie et al (2007Ngwabie et al ( , 2008 reported that VOC concentrations in dairy, sheep and pig CAFOs were the highest during animal waste removal and feeding, indicating that large emissions were related to these activities. Recent studies found that VOC concentrations in dairy farms were significantly higher near silage and piles of animal feed (i.e., total mixed rations) than near other places (animal pens, lagoons and flush lanes), suggesting that feed-related sources dominate VOC emissions (Alanis et al, 2008;Chung et al, 2010). Enhancements of some VOCs (e.g., acetone) in animal sheds are also related to animal exhalation (Shaw et al, 2007;Ngwabie et al, 2008;Sintermann et al, 2014).…”

“…There are a large number of potential VOC sources inside a CAFO, potentially including animal exhalation, animal waste in animal pens, flushing lanes, lagoons, silage storage piles and silos, and feed mixtures in feed lanes and bunks (Alanis et al, 2008;Chung et al, 2010). Early studies mainly focused on VOC emissions from animal waste (e.g., slurry and manure) under laboratory conditions (Hobbs et al, 1997(Hobbs et al, , 1998(Hobbs et al, , 2004.…”

“…Many studies of VOCs from animal feeding operations have been conducted with offline analytical methods (Filipy et al, 2006;Alanis et al, 2008;Sun et al, 2008;Chung et al, 2010;Ni et al, 2012). VOCs were collected on filters, or in canisters and cartridges and were quantified in the laboratory using various methods (see reviews in Ni et al, 2012).…”

Tempo de armazenamento e manejo do painel no valor nutritivo de silagens de milho

“…A silagem de milho é um componente importante em dietas de gado leiteiro e a determinação dos produtos de fermentação em silagem de milho tem demonstrado grande diversidade de compostos orgânicos voláteis (COV) (CHUNG et al, 2009 1 Estimativa nitrogênio excretado na urina: N-urina = (-127 + 13,1 × NUL + 6 × produção de leite); 2 Balanço de N; 3 EPM -erro padrão da média.…”