Evaluation of New Jersey's Graduated Driver Licensing Program

Williams, Allan F.; Chaudhary, Neil K; Tison, Julie

doi:10.1037/e554412012-001

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Graduated driver licensing (GDL) is a system designed to reduce the crash risk of newly licensed drivers by minimising exposure to risky driving circumstances (Bates, Allen, Armstrong, Watson, & King, 2014; Foss, 2007; Williams, Chaudhary, Tefft, & Tison, 2010). This type of licencing system comprises three phases: (1) a learner phase, in which the novice driver gains practical driving experience under the supervision of a more experienced driver; (2) a provisional or intermediate phase, during which the driver can drive unsupervised, but is subjected to restrictions such as blood alcohol content (BAC) and the transportation of young passengers and (3) a full licencing stage, acquired once the driver has held their provisional licence for the required period and, in some cases, passed additional tests (Bates, Allen, et al., 2014; Foss, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Young and unaffected by road policing strategies: Using deterrence theory to explain provisional drivers’ (non)compliance

Bates

Darvell

Watson

2016

Australian & New Zealand Journal of Criminology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Newly licenced drivers are disproportionately represented in traffic injuries and crash statistics. Despite the implementation of countermeasures designed to improve safety, such as graduated driver licencing (GDL) schemes, many young drivers do not comply with road rules. This study used a reconceptualised deterrence theory framework to investigate young drivers' perceptions of the enforcement of road rules in general and those more specifically related to GDL. A total of 236 drivers aged 17-24 completed a questionnaire assessing their perceptions of various deterrence mechanisms (personal and vicarious) and their compliance with both GDL-specific and general road rules. Hierarchical multiple regressions conducted to explore non-compliant behaviour revealed that, contrary to theoretical expectations, neither personal nor vicarious punishment experiences affected compliance in the expected direction. Instead, the most influential factors contributing to non-compliance were licence type (P2) and, counterintuitively, having previously been exposed to enforcement. Parental enforcement was also significant in the prediction of transient rule violations, but not fixed rule violations or overall non-compliance. Findings are discussed in light of several possibilities, including an increase in violations due to more time spent on the road, an "emboldening effect" noted in prior studies, and possible conceptual constraints regarding the deterrence variables examined in this study.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Young and unaffected by road policing strategies: Using deterrence theory to explain provisional drivers’ (non)compliance

Bates

Darvell

Watson

2016

Australian & New Zealand Journal of Criminology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…There is increasing evidence confirming the effectiveness of GDL, which acts as a form of exposure control by allowing novices to gain more driving experience over an extended period in lower risk circumstances. These programmes vary widely by jurisdiction; however, extended Learner and intermediate periods with greater restrictions such as passenger limits and night‐driving curfews have been shown to result in the greatest improvements in young novice driver road safety (Williams, Chaudhary, Tefft, & Tison, 2010). Reported non‐compliance by young novice drivers (e.g., in New Zealand, Harre, Field, & Kirkwood, 1996) and haphazard enforcement (Rice, Peek‐Asa, & Kraus, 2004), the issuing of warnings instead of punishment for infringement of road rules (Rhodes, Brown, & Edison, 2005), and failure to detect non‐compliance (Scott‐Parker, Watson, King, & Hyde, under review) weaken such interventions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of sensitivity to reward and punishment, propensity for sensation seeking, depression, and anxiety on the risky behaviour of novice drivers: A path model

Scott‐Parker

Watson

King

et al. 2011

British J of Psychology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Young novice drivers are significantly more likely to be killed or injured in car crashes than older, experienced drivers. Graduated driver licensing (GDL), which allows the novice to gain driving experience under less-risky circumstances, has resulted in reduced crash incidence; however, the driver's psychological traits are ignored. This paper explores the relationships between gender, age, anxiety, depression, sensitivity to reward and punishment, sensation-seeking propensity, and risky driving. Participants were 761 young drivers aged 17-24 (M=19.00, SD=1.56) with a Provisional (intermediate) driver's licence who completed an online survey comprising socio-demographic questions, the Impulsive Sensation Seeking Scale, Kessler's Psychological Distress Scale, the Sensitivity to Punishment and Sensitivity to Reward Questionnaire, and the Behaviour of Young Novice Drivers Scale. Path analysis revealed depression, reward sensitivity, and sensation-seeking propensity predicted the self-reported risky behaviour of the young novice drivers. Gender was a moderator; and the anxiety level of female drivers also influenced their risky driving. Interventions do not directly consider the role of rewards and sensation seeking, or the young person's mental health. An approach that does take these variables into account may contribute to improved road safety outcomes for both young and older road users.

show abstract

“…Delaying licensure, either through higher entry ages or GDL requirements such as extended learner stages, can reduce young driver crashes. For example, New Jersey's GDL system has eliminated most crashes among 16 year-old drivers, and has reduced crashes among 17 year-olds by 16% (Williams, Chaudhary, Tefft, & Tison, 2010). A survey from three States suggests parents support older licensing ages (McCartt, Hellinga, & Haire, 2007).…”

Section: Time To Implementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Helmets Matter: Kentucky Motorcycle Crash Victims Seen at a Tennessee Trauma Center

Testerman¹,

Prior²,

Wells³

et al. 2018

Southern Medical Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Evaluation of New Jersey's Graduated Driver Licensing Program

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Young and unaffected by road policing strategies: Using deterrence theory to explain provisional drivers’ (non)compliance

Young and unaffected by road policing strategies: Using deterrence theory to explain provisional drivers’ (non)compliance

The influence of sensitivity to reward and punishment, propensity for sensation seeking, depression, and anxiety on the risky behaviour of novice drivers: A path model

Helmets Matter: Kentucky Motorcycle Crash Victims Seen at a Tennessee Trauma Center

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About