Radiation-induced organ injury is
one of the major fallouts noticed
during radiotherapy treatment of malignancies and other detrimental
radiation exposures. MicroRNA (miRNA), which is involved in multiple
critical cellular processes, is released from the cells of damaged
organs in cellular vesicles, commonly known as exosomes. Specifically,
exosomal miR-122 is reported to be actively involved in radiation-actuated
rectal and hepatic injuries or inflammation. In this work, we developed
a surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) assay for the quantitative
and targeted detection of exosomal miR-122 in mice after drug/radiation
treatments. In particular, an aptamer-functionalized magnetic capturing
element and Au shell nanoparticle (NP)-based SERS tags were utilized,
which upon recognition of the target miRNA constituted a “sandwich”
formation, with which an 8 fM limit of detection (LOD) could be achieved.
Using this SERS assay, we further found that radiation injury led
to the elevated expression of exosomal miR-122 in mice at 4 h postirradiation,
confirmed by the quantitative real-time PCR method. It was demonstrated
that the drug-induced hepatic inflammation could also be assessed
via detecting miR-122 using this SERS method. As such, this work has
demonstrated the achievement of a highly selective and sensitive probe
of exosomal miRNA, which may thus open a gateway for promising usage
in drug/radiation-induced inflammation.