Evaluation of minor carps intercropping in carp polyculture vis‐à‐vis other grow‐out cropping patterns of carp farming

Abstract

One year grow‐out evaluation of four cropping patterns of carps, viz. control: single stock single harvest (SSSH); T‐1:intercrop of minor carps and Indian major carps (IMC); T‐2:single stock multiple harvests (SSMH); and T‐3:multiple stock multiple harvests (MSMH) was conducted in eight earthen ponds (0.09 ha each). Ponds were stocked with three IMCs (catla, rohu and mrigal) at 1:1:1 ratio at 10,000 fingerlings/ha combined density. T‐1 was additionally stocked with 10,000 fingerlings/ha of minor carps (Puntius gonionotus, Labeo fimbriatus and Puntius sarana), while T‐2 with additional 10,000 fingerlings/ha of the IMC. Periodic removal of partial biomass ensured prevalence of better water quality in treatments (higher water pH, higher dissolved oxygen and reduced inorganic nutrients). It helped to improve fish growth as average harvested weight of rohu and mrigal remained similar in treatments despite the presence of greater inter‐ and intraspecific competitions in intercrop and SSMH, respectively, and periodic stocking of younger juveniles in MSMH. Catla showed significantly higher growth in MSMH. The biomass yield in intercrop, SSMH and MSMH were 21%, 17% and 24% higher than SSSH, but the respective net incomes were 32.9, 21.3 and 56.5% higher. Partial harvest also helped reducing FCR in the order T‐3<T‐2<T‐1<control. While the study showed MSMH as the most productive cropping pattern for biomass yield, the intercrop of minor carps and IMCs proved to be the most water productive (gross and consumptive water use) cropping method to produce varied fish protein with higher biomass yield.

Evaluating soil nitrate dynamics in an intercropping dripped ecosystem using HYDRUS-2D

“…The intercropping planting pattern can not only increase farmers' income but also has many additional advantages. Therefore, intercropping ecosystems have been extensively used worldwide, including in Germany (Streit et al, 2019), Brazil (Batista et al, 2019), India (Das et al, 2019), Pakistan (Iqbal et al, 2019), and China (Zhou et al, 2019).…”

Growth performance of pengba, Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes, 1844) and water quality changes during fingerling rearing with varied stocking density in large outdoor concrete tanks

“…Attempts have been made in different regions to bring less known, but potential species into the culture system which not only have increased the species spectrum, but also promoted their conservation through culture propagation (Behera, Meena, Das, Singh, & Pakrashi, ; Das & Mishra, ; Muhammad, Nahar, Ahamed, Masood, & Hossain, ; Singh & Basudha, ; Wahab, Rahman, & Milstein, ). Inter‐cropping of minor carps in Indian major carp‐based polyculture has shown 28% higher fish yield (Das, Kamble, Velmurugan, & Pradhan, ). Among many cyprinid species having culture potential, pengba Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes) is a minor carp that commands prime place with high relevance, especially in Manipur, state of India (Basudha & Singh, ; Behera et al, ; Ramesh et al, ).…”

“…Inter-cropping of minor carps in Indian major carp-based polyculture has shown 28% higher fish yield (Das, Kamble, Velmurugan, & Pradhan, 2019). Inter-cropping of minor carps in Indian major carp-based polyculture has shown 28% higher fish yield (Das, Kamble, Velmurugan, & Pradhan, 2019).…”

“…. Inter-cropping of minor carps in Indian major carp-based polyculture has shown 28% higher fish yield (Das, Kamble, Velmurugan, & Pradhan, 2019). Among many cyprinid species having culture potential, pengba Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes) is a minor carp that commands prime place with high relevance, especially in Manipur, state of India (Basudha & Singh, 2008;Behera et al, 2015;Ramesh et al, 2014).…”

The interactive effects of paternal size and offspring feeding strategy on offspring fitness of an Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton, 1822)

“…Approximately 1,962 million tons of L. rohita were produced in 2017 that accounted for 3% of total global aquaculture finfish production (FAO, 2018). They are considered as very important aquaculture species because they can be easily cultured in different production systems such as polyculture with other carps, mixed culture with other fisheries resources, and integrated culture with paddy and livestock (Das, Kamble, Velmurugan, & Pradhan, 2019;Dey et al, 2019;Hossain & Islam, 2006;Sahoo & Singh, 2005;Wahab, Kadir, Milstein, & Kunda, 2011).…”