Evaluation of Milk Colostrum Derived Lactoferrin of Sahiwal (Bos indicus) and Karan Fries (Cross-Bred) Cows for Its Anti-Cancerous Potential

Abstract

Lactoferrin (Lf) is an iron-binding glycoprotein protein known to have immune-modulatory role and recently, its anticancerous effect against different cancer cell types was emphasized. In the present investigation, a comparative evaluation of anticancer potential of colostrum-derived lactoferrin from Indian native zebu cow (Sahiwal, SAC), crossbred (Karan Fries, KFC) and commercially available (C-Lf) lactoferrin from exotic cow using cellular models was made. A protocol was standardized successfully to purify Lf protein from colostrum of both breeds using HPLC and purity was confirmed by LC–MS. A standardized dose of 750 µg/mL Lf was used to treat two cell types MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 with Lf from three different sources; SAC-Lf, KFC-Lf and C-Lf for 48 h and 72 h. Different cellular parameters including cytotoxicity, viability, apoptosis and cell proliferation were determined. Comparatively, Lf from commercial source (C-Lf) had maximum effect in both cell types followed by SAC-Lf and KFC-Lf. Further, transcriptional changes in genes associated with apoptosis (Bax and Bcl-2), tumor progression (p53, p21, CD44 and NF-κβ) and survival (survivin) were evaluated in Lf treatment. The overall results strongly emphasized to the fact that Lf purified from cow colostrum has the capacity to inhibit the in vitro growth of cancerous cell lines albeit to a varied extent.

Lactoferrin’s Anti-Cancer Properties: Safety, Selectivity, and Wide Range of Action

“…This primary selective interaction via cell surface receptors can explain the most archaic function ascribed to Lf, i.e., its cytotoxic activity. Indeed, especially at high concentrations, both hLf and bLf and even more their derived peptides have been found to promote cytotoxicity and cell death for both prokaryotic and eukaryotic pathogens [127][128][129], as well as for cancer cells [130][131][132][133]. This activity has been mostly associated to the cationic charge of Lfs which can promote electrostatic interactions with negative charged cell surface receptors.…”

Functional analysis of bovine interleukin-10 receptor alpha in response to Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis lysate using CRISPR/Cas9

“…Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase ( GAPDH ) and β2-Microglobulin ( B2M ) were the two genes initially tested as house-keeping genes. Because of its stable expression in both IL10RA KO and WT MAC-T cells for all immune stimulants, only GAPDH was used further to normalise the expression of target genes using first derivative (delta ct) method [ 42 , 43 ].…”

Cow products: boon to human health and food security

“…in an easily absorbed form that can advantage both nutritionally vulnerable and healthy peoples(Buttar et al 2017 ; Panahipour et al 2018 ). Among cow products, colostrum (first mammary secretion during the first 0–120 h after delivery) and milk are the old trusted form of health drink, which roots back to ancient pharmacopeia and till today regarded as imperious stuff for the holistic growth and development of the body (Puppel et al 2019 ; Sharma et al 2019 ). Cows can provide readily available nutrient-rich colostrum and milk in large quantities.…”

“…These active constituents have a significant protective influence on specific disease conditions of particular target organs by modulating signaling pathways and other elements (Mohanvel et al 2017;Jawhara et al 2020). Peptides derived from the digestion of cow proteins have demonstrated anticancer and antimutagenic properties, including mechanisms of DNA damage mitigation and apoptosis induction via both the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways (Pepe et al 2013;El-Fakharany et al 2018;Sharma et al 2019). Milk-derived extracellular vesicles contained several immunomodulatory miRNAs and membrane protein CD63, characteristics of exosomes (Pieters et al, 2015;Benmoussa et al, 2016).…”