Evaluation of microbiological air parameters and the fungal community involved in the potential risks of biodeterioration in a cultural heritage of humanity, Ouro Preto, Brazil

On the Response to Aging of OPEFB/Acrylic Composites: A Fungal Degradation Perspective

“…Biodegradation mechanisms of natural fiber-reinforced polymer composites (NFRPCs) are undoubtedly a paramount aspect to be considered in order to further understand the performance of those materials in intended applications [ 1 ]. Both polymer matrices and natural fillers are vulnerable to myriad biodegradation processes.…”

“…As it might be expected, plant fibers, e.g., abaca, coir, flax, hemp, and oil palm, are highly susceptible to be a microbial growth substrate. In particular, bacteria and fungi, whose carbon sources are mainly vegetable materials, are one of the most important chemoorganotrophic organisms that contribute to material biodamage due to their rapid propagation and adaptability [ 1 , 2 , 3 ].…”

“…Microorganisms causing biodeterioration are found in nearly every habitat on earth [ 4 ]. Thanks to their adhesion capacity, microorganisms can colonize all types of surfaces, and their growth is affected by several environmental conditions such as temperature, redox potential, pH, and water availability [ 1 , 5 ]. In fact, regarding the latter, microorganisms can be primary, secondary, or tertiary colonizers if the humidity level is low, intermediate, or high, respectively [ 2 , 6 ].…”

“…Meanwhile, from the perspective of the biodegradation of synthetic polymers, it is not only related to polymer microstructure but also to microbial attack capacity and environmental conditions [ 1 , 13 , 14 ]. In particular, the biodegradation of acrylic polymers usually presents two stages; both involve reactions catalyzed by enzymes that modify the physico-chemical properties of the polymers [ 15 ].…”

“…[ 10 ]. These changes alter the physical, chemical, and mechanical properties of composites [ 1 , 23 ].…”