Evaluation of methods to detect in vitro biofilm formation by staphylococcal clinical isolates

Manandhar, Sarita; Singh, Anjana; Varma, Ajit; Pandey, Shanti; Shrivastava, Neeraj

doi:10.1186/s13104-018-3820-9

Cited by 33 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…The detection of biofilm formation was carried out using the method of Christensen et al, 21 with minor modifications according to Manandhar et al 22 Briefly, an overnight bacterial culture was grown at 37°C in Tryptic Soy broth (TSB) supplemented with 1% (w/v) glucose followed by 1:100 dilution using fresh media. The diluted culture (200 µL) was transferred to a 96-well microtiter plate.…”

Section: Detection Of Biofilm Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Antimicrobial Activity of Ciprofloxacin-Loaded Niosomes against Ciprofloxacin-Resistant and Biofilm-Forming Staphylococcus aureus

Kashef

Saleh

Assar

et al. 2020

IDR

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The threat of Staphylococcus aureus antimicrobial resistance is increasing worldwide. Niosomes are a new drug delivery system that enhances the antimicrobial potential of antibiotics. We hereby aim to evaluate the antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity of ciprofloxacin-loaded niosomes. Methods: The antimicrobial susceptibility of clinical S. aureus isolates (n=59) was determined by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Their biofilm formation activity was tested by Christensen's method. Two ciprofloxacin-loaded niosomal formulations were prepared by thin-film hydration method, and their minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) were determined by agar dilution method, against ciprofloxacin-resistant and biofilm-forming isolates (n=24). Their ability to inhibit biofilm formation and eradicate already formed biofilms was evaluated and further confirmed by scanning electron microscope images. Non-synonymous mutations, in a quinolone resistance-determining regions of S. aureus isolates, were detected by polymerase chain reaction. Results: Most of the isolates were methicillin-(47/59) and ciprofloxacin-resistant (45/59). All except two isolates were capable of biofilm production. Niosomal preparation I reduced ciprofloxacin MIC by twofold in four isolates, whereas preparation II reduced ciprofloxacin MIC of most isolates by 8-to 32-fold, with three isolates that became ciprofloxacinsusceptible. Non-synonymous mutations were detected in isolates that maintained phenotypic ciprofloxacin resistance against ciprofloxacin-loaded niosomal preparation II. Ciprofloxacinloaded niosomes reduced the minimum biofilm inhibitory concentration and the minimum biofilm eradication concentration in 58% and 62% of the tested isolates, respectively. Conclusion: Ciprofloxacin-loaded niosomes can restore ciprofloxacin activity against resistant S. aureus isolates. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the inhibition of biofilm formation and eradication of formed biofilms by ciprofloxacin-loaded niosomes.

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Section: Detection Of Biofilm Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Antimicrobial Activity of Ciprofloxacin-Loaded Niosomes against Ciprofloxacin-Resistant and Biofilm-Forming Staphylococcus aureus

Kashef

Saleh

Assar

et al. 2020

IDR

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“…It is the surface-attached microbial community that contributes virulence factor (Khatri et al, 2015). In this study 1% glucose was additionally supplemented to growth media as additional sugar helps in biofilm formation (Manandhar et al, 2018). In this study the strong, moderate, weak and none biofilm producers screened by Tissue culture plate method were 4.7%, 64.2%, 21.42% and 9.52% respectively.…”

Section: Sensitivity Specificity and Accuracy Of Biofilm Screening Mmentioning

confidence: 83%

In-Vitro Evaluation of Biofilm and Hemolysis activity of Candida albicans Isolated from Oral Cavity

Shrestha

Shakya

2020

Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol

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Candida albicans is a member of the healthy human microflora, colonizing several niches in the body and can cause opportunistic infection under host debilitated and immunocompromised condition. The present study aimed to investigate the in-vitro hemolytic activity of C. albicans isolated from oral cavity and screen biofilm through three different methods. During the study, 200 oral rinse samples from general human population were analyzed in microbiology laboratory of Central Campus of Technology, Tribhuvan University, Hattisar, Dharan. Nepal. Candida albicans were isolated and identified by conventional microbiological procedures. The hemolytic activity was evaluated through two different Sabouraud dextrose broth media (SDB) containing 7% defibrinated human blood, one supplemented with 3% glucose (SDBwG) and the other without glucose (SDBwoG). The biofilm formation was screened through congo red agar, tube method and tissue culture plate method. In this present study, 42 (21%) isolates of Candida albicans were isolated from 200 oral rinse samples. Isolated Candida albicans exhibited mean hemolysis activity of 28.66% on human blood SDB without glucose and 43.55% on human blood SDB with 3% glucose. Tissue culture plate method was considered sensitive, specific and accurate method for quantitative screening of biofilm in comparison to tube method and congo red agar method. This research concluded that Candida albicans exhibited greater hemolytic activity in human blood with glucose (SDBwG) than in human blood without glucose (SDBwoG). This finding explains that an increased blood glucose concentration may contribute to increased hemolysis activity of Candida albicans that could play pathogenic role for inducing infection like oral candidiasis in debilitated host like diabetic patients. Tissue culture plate method can accurately screen biofilms than tube and congo red agar method. Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 8(4): 394-399

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“…Biofilm growth was monitored in terms of OD 570nm (nanometer) using microprocessor photocolorimetry (Deep Vision, Model 1312,ESICO). [ 12 13 ]…”

Section: Aterials and M Ethodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection and categorization of biofilm-forming Staphylococcus aureus, Viridans streptococcus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Escherichia coli isolated from complete denture patients and visualization using scanning electron microscopy

Andonissamy

Karthigeyan

Asharaf

et al. 2020

J Int Soc Prevent Communit Dent

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A BSTRACT Aims: Complete denture patients have a plethora of microorganisms inhabiting their complete dentures. Some bacteria are capable of causing systemic illness such as aspiration pneumonia and infective endocarditis. Hence, detection as well as the categorization of biofilms, which form on the denture surface is vital in the study of denture biofilm-associated local and systemic diseases. This study aimed at the detection and categorization of biofilm-forming Staphylococcus aureus , Viridans streptococcus , Klebsiella pneumoniae , and Escherichia coli isolated from complete dentures and visualization of biofilms using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Materials and Methods: Thirty complete denture patients were selected for the study and swabs were collected from their complete denture surfaces. Isolation of the bacteria was done using selective media and confirmed using biochemical tests and 16SrRNA sequencing. The bacteria were subjected to biofilm assays via Microtiter plate assay. The biofilm-forming bacteria were categorized as weak, moderate, and strong biofilm formers based on optical density (OD) values. As a visual confirmation of the biofilms, scanning electron microscopic (SEM) images were taken for each of the strong biofilm-forming bacteria. Descriptive statistical analysis was carried out with the help of Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) statistical package version 20.0. Results: The average OD of S. aureus was 1. 333±0. 015 and the average OD of V. streptococcus species was 1. 304 ± 0.023. The average OD value of K. pneumoniae was 0.8 ± 0.012 and the average value of E. coli was 1.014 ± 0.01. Conclusions: The study of biofilms especially the strongly biofilm formers is very useful to understand the potential pathogenic effect of biofilms. These biofilms cause the systemic spread of the planktonic bacteria which could lead to systemic diseases that are resistant to conventional treatment. This could be due to the inherent nature of the biofilm to offer drug resistance to existing antibacterial agents.

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Evaluation of methods to detect in vitro biofilm formation by staphylococcal clinical isolates

Cited by 33 publications

References 48 publications

<p>The Antimicrobial Activity of Ciprofloxacin-Loaded Niosomes against Ciprofloxacin-Resistant and Biofilm-Forming <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em></p>

<p>The Antimicrobial Activity of Ciprofloxacin-Loaded Niosomes against Ciprofloxacin-Resistant and Biofilm-Forming <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em></p>

In-Vitro Evaluation of Biofilm and Hemolysis activity of Candida albicans Isolated from Oral Cavity

Detection and categorization of biofilm-forming Staphylococcus aureus, Viridans streptococcus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Escherichia coli isolated from complete denture patients and visualization using scanning electron microscopy

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