Evaluation of metabolites levels in feces of patients with inflammatory bowel diseases

Abstract

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), which include ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD), are chronic intestinal inflammatory disorders with an unknown etiology. They are characterized by chronic recurrent inflammation of the intestinal mucosa and lead to a significant decrease in the quality of life and death of patients. IBD are associated with suppression of normal intestinal microflora, including a decrease in bacteria, producers of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), exhibiting anti-inflammatory and protective properties. Among the various methods of intestinal microflora correction, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), which engrafts the fecal microbiota from a healthy donor into a patient recipient, is of a particular interest. As a result, a positive therapeutic effect is observed, accompanied by the restoration of the normal intestinal microflora of the patient. A significant drawback of the method is the lack of standardization. Metabolites produced by intestinal microflora, namely SCFAs, allow objective assessment of the functional state of the intestinal microbiota and, consequently, the success of the FMT procedure. Using gas chromatography and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy techniques, we have analyzed concentrations and molar ratios of SCFAs in fecal samples of 60 healthy donors. Results were in good accord when comparing two methods as well as with published data. Analysis of SCFAs in feces of patients with UC (19 patients) and CD (17 patients) revealed a general decrease in the concentration of fatty acids in the experimental groups with significant fluctuations in the values in experimental groups compared to control group of healthy donors. On the limited group of IBD patients (6 patients with UC and 5 patients with CD) concentration of SCFAs before and within 30 days of observation after FMT was determined. It was shown that FMT had a significant impact on the SCFAs levels within 1 month term; tendency to reach characteristics of healthy donors is unambiguously traced for both diseases.

Alleviative mechanism and effect of Bifidobacterium animalisA6 on dextran sodium sulfate‐induced ulcerative colitis in mice

“…The content of SCFAs in feces is becoming an important clinical indicator to judge the intestinal health status of patients with IBDs, which include UC and Crohn's disease (Zhgun et al, 2020 ). Low levels of SCFAs may lead to a series of problems such as reduced intestinal peristalsis, barrier dysfunction, and excessive inflammation (Parada Venegas et al, 2019 ).…”

Fecal microbiota transplantation in the treatment of astrovirus infection in a recipient of an allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant: a clinical case

“…Для ТФМ использовали жидкий фекальный материал в виде суспензии от здорового донора (женщина, 38 лет), полученный по использованной ранее методике [9]. Донор предварительно прошел лабораторное обследование: базовые гематологические и биохимические исследования крови; анализы на гепатиты В и С, вирус иммунодефици-та человека, сифилис; общий анализ мочи; копрограмму; анализ кала на скрытую кровь, простейшие и яйца гельминтов; бактериальный посев кала; анализ кала методом ПЦР на патогенную кишечную флору, наличие токсинов C. difficile A и B, наличие генетических маркеров лекарственной устойчивости.…”

The Neuroimmune Role of Intestinal Microbiota in the Pathogenesis of Cardiovascular Disease

“…It is interesting that the microbiota’s influence on the epithelial intestinal barrier is determined not only by the immune component but also by other effects. In particular, short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) synthesized by gut microbiota are used as a source of energy for the epithelium and strengthen the epithelial barrier indirectly [ 92 , 93 ]. The microbial metabolite indole has a defensive barrier effect through the activation of the pregnane-X receptor and increases the secretion of glucagon-like peptide-1 [ 94 ].…”