Evaluation of mandibular condyles in children with unilateral posterior crossbite

Abstract

Abstract:The relationship of mandibular condyle dimensions and its association with unilateral posterior crossbite (UPXB) has been suggested in the literature. The purpose of this prospective study was to evaluate mandibular condyles on the left and right sides and between crossed and non-crossed sides in the sagittal and coronal planes, using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Twenty CBCT images of 40 temporo mandibular joints (TMJs) in individuals in mixed dentition phase, which included 9 males (mean 7.9 years) and 11 females (mean 8.2 years), with unilateral posterior crossbite without premature contacts and functional mandibular shifts and with transverse maxillary deficiency. The criteria for sample exclusion included the presence of painful symptoms, facial trauma history, systemic diseases such as juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, mouth opening limitation (< 40 mm), congenital or genetic anomalies, and skeletal asymmetries that may result in TMJ disorders. Dimensional measurements of the condyles between the right and left sides and crossed and non-crossed sides in sagittal and coronal view were made. There was no significant difference between the measurements of the crossed and non-crossed sides in both sagittal and coronal view. These findings suggest that the presence of unilateral posterior crossbite in children with UPXB did not result in changes between the mandibular condyles in the right and left sides or between the crossed and non-crossed sides in the coronal or sagittal plane.

Three-dimensional analysis of mandibular functional units in adult patients with unilateral posterior crossbite: A cone beam study with the use of mirroring and surface-to-surface matching techniques

“…More recently, some investigations assessed mandibular asymmetry in children and adolescents with crossbite using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT)-derived three-dimensional (3D) images. [11][12][13] Findings from those studies included 3D hemimandibular and ramal body volumes, and point-to-point 2D linear measurements.…”

Temporomandibular Joint Anatomy Assessed by CBCT Images

“…Data detected from children with occlusal asymmetry (from a sample of 20 Brazilian children, aged 7–10 years: 9 males, mean age 7.9, and 11 females, mean age 8.2 years, affected by unilateral posterior cross-bytes, without premature contacts or functional mandibular shift but with transverse maxillary deficiency, i.e., not functional cross-byte, but anatomical! ), by CBCT images, allow confirming the absence of differences in condylar size between the crossed and noncrossed sides [ 21 ]. In children, mandibular condylar width results in about 14.1 ± 1.78 mm in the crossed side and 14.56 ± 1.79 mm in the control side, while condylar length is 6.58 ± 0.85 mm in the crossed side and 6.63 ± 0.66 mm in the control side [ 21 ].…”

“…), by CBCT images, allow confirming the absence of differences in condylar size between the crossed and noncrossed sides [ 21 ]. In children, mandibular condylar width results in about 14.1 ± 1.78 mm in the crossed side and 14.56 ± 1.79 mm in the control side, while condylar length is 6.58 ± 0.85 mm in the crossed side and 6.63 ± 0.66 mm in the control side [ 21 ].…”

Three‐dimensional morphological and positional analysis of the temporomandibular joint in adults with posterior crossbite: A cross‐sectional comparative study

“…Cone beam computed tomography is a valuable method for assessing the mandibular condyle and articular fossa as it provides accurate measurement of the inclination, position and parameters of each component in the three orthogonal planes 36,37 . Most studies evaluating the TMJ use 2D, 16‐21 those that have used 3D to characterise the relationship between an existing malocclusion and the TMJ only evaluate the anterior, posterior and superior joint spaces of the latter, as well as the anteroposterior condylar inclination using only a single view (axial) of this anatomically complex 3D region 23,24,38 . Here, we present a detailed, standardised 3D analysis of the TMJ that was hereto previously undescribed.…”