Evaluation of lead recovery efficiency from waste CRT funnel glass by chlorinating volatilization process

Erzat, Aris; Zhang, Fu-Shen

doi:10.1080/09593330.2014.921731

Cited by 25 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Moreover, lead in particular is a valuable second raw material, leading to the development of several techniques for its extraction from glass during the last years, eg by hydrothermal or pyrometallurgical treatment . Extraction rates above 90% could be achieved, though investigations were performed mainly on laboratory scale …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The feasibility of CO₂‐laser‐induced breakdown spectroscopy for fast lead determination in glass cullet

Lehmann

Fischer

Rosin

et al. 2019

Int J of Appl Glass Sci

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With an overall collection and recycling rate of 74%, the material cycle for glass packaging is well established in the European Union. However, knowledge of the composition of the recycled glass cullet is necessary to avoid creeping accumulation of undesirable contaminants into the material cycle. Due to their toxic properties, this applies in particular for heavy metals, for example, lead. The state‐of‐the‐art technology for detection of lead in recycling glass sorting is X‐ray fluorescence (XRF). Due to lower regulatory demands, as well as increasingly economical hardware, laser‐based detection techniques, like Laser‐Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) may provide an alternate approach in industrial glass sorting to reach comparable detection limits and rates. In our work, CO2‐LIBS was investigated as an alternative tool for the determination of lead in glass cullet. Instead of usually utilized spectrometers, a combination of spectral filters and photodiode was employed to facilitate a fast detection rate. Glass samples with different lead content were investigated in two spectral ranges with respect to detection limits, detection speed, and accuracy. The results are compared to a commercial XRF‐sorting machine for glass cullet. It was found that comparable speeds and accuracies for lead detection in glasses can be reached.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…15,16 Extraction rates above 90% could be achieved, though investigations were performed mainly on laboratory scale. 17 A state-of-the-art technology for the detection of lead glass is X-ray fluorescence (XRF). In XRF, atoms are excited by X-ray radiation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The feasibility of CO₂‐laser‐induced breakdown spectroscopy for fast lead determination in glass cullet

Lehmann

Fischer

Rosin

et al. 2019

Int J of Appl Glass Sci

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show abstract

“…The leaching solution contained water, acid [10,11] and alkalis [12]. Some thermal process included reduction under vacuum, chloride volatilization [13][14][15] and hydrothermal sulphidization [16]. Nevertheless, these technologies still have some disadvantages, such as harsh reaction condition, the other components in the glass are not effectively utilized, lack of economic feasibility, and too complicated for industrial production…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Aris Erzat and Fu-Shen Zhang reported a technological method [19] in which the glass powder was first compressed into cylindrical pellet homogeneously mixed with a chlorinating agents. Solid-phase reactions rook place by heating the pellets.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal dislocation and physical changes during preparation of active silicate of group 2 Periods 3, 4 and 5 elements from spent fines of finishing crystal glass

Rabah

2019

Adv. J. Chem. A

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This study reports on the thermal dislocation and crystal growth changes during preparation of active metasilicate of group 2 periods 3.4 and 5 elements from waste fines of finishing process of crystal glass (CG) industry. Sodium carbonate fused the fines at ≈1273 K for 120-180 minutes followed by water leaching. Alkali silicate goes into solution. Primary chloride and sulphate salts of elements of group 2 periods 2, 4 and 5 added to the alkali silicate solution at temperatures 300 K to 353 K for 60 minutes to give metasilicate as a white precipitate followed by heating at 473 K to 1073 K for 30 minutes. The study discussed the physical changes taking place after heating. Results revealed that surface area and adsorption capacity of Mn ions from underground water increased with the surface area of the silicate associating the decrease in atomic radius of the element. The effect of pH, concentration of the reactants and temperature on the synthesis and physical changes of the silicate salts has been investigated. Formation of the silicate salt proceeded in a reaction sequence involving atom rearrangement to form a honeycomb structure with very narrow pore diameter amounting to 1.538 Ằ. Heating silicate at 773 K dislocate the oxygen atoms around metal atoms to form unit crystals with mild pore diameter of 15.29 Ằ. With further increase in temperature, narrow pore system collapses to form sponge structure with wider pore diameter and lower surface area. The manuscript tabulated the physical changes in digital presentation derived mathematically.

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“…Among the methods used for lead removal [4][5][6], the volatilization of lead chloride (PbCl 2 ) recently showed promising results [7][8][9]. By the addition of a chlorination agent (i.e., CaCl 2 , NaCl, poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC)), lead is separated from the glass matrix as PbCl 2 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermogravimetric Investigation of the Lead Volatilization from Waste Cathode-Ray Tube Glass

2016

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Abstract:The treatment of lead-containing cathode-ray tube (CRT) glass is an important environmental issue. One approach is the removal of lead by chloride volatilization. In the present work, the reaction of CRT glass with PVC as the chlorinating agent and Ca(OH) 2 as the chlorine absorber was investigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) in air. Seven reaction steps occurring at different temperatures were identified as dehydrochlorination of PVC/HCl absorption, CO 2 absorption, Ca(OH) 2 dehydration, PVC derived char oxidation, PbCl 2 formation and volatilization, CaCO 3 decarbonation, and CaCl 2 volatilization. Kinetic analysis of the PbCl 2 volatilization showed that the reaction of CRT glass during TGA resembles that of amorphous PbSiO 4 , while the reaction in the tube reactor was similar to that of crystalline PbSiO 4 . Crystallization accelerates PbCl 2 volatilization, and it might be advantageous for lead removal to crystallize the glass deliberately before or during treatment in order to reduce processing time and increase efficiency.

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Evaluation of lead recovery efficiency from waste CRT funnel glass by chlorinating volatilization process

Cited by 25 publications

References 31 publications

The feasibility of CO₂‐laser‐induced breakdown spectroscopy for fast lead determination in glass cullet

The feasibility of CO₂‐laser‐induced breakdown spectroscopy for fast lead determination in glass cullet

Thermal dislocation and physical changes during preparation of active silicate of group 2 Periods 3, 4 and 5 elements from spent fines of finishing crystal glass

Thermogravimetric Investigation of the Lead Volatilization from Waste Cathode-Ray Tube Glass

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