Evaluation of lambda-cyhalothrin oxidative stress and gonad histoarchitecture toxicity potency in Clarias gariepinus

Abstract

Background Extensive and indiscriminate use of pesticides gradually destroys the environment (ecosystem), poses serious threats to human health, animal life (especially aquatic), plant forms, soil, water, and also lead to emergence of resilient species of life forms that are becoming resistant to pesticides. The present study focused on evaluating lambda-cyhalothrin oxidative stress and gonad histoarchitecture toxicity potency in Clarias gariepinus. Results A total of 120 C. gariepinus 16 to 40 cm SL and 200 to 250 g bodyweights (assigned into treatments 0.00 (control), 2.5 × 10−4 μg/L, 5.0 × 10−4 μg/L, and 6.25×10−4 μg/L (A-D) lambda-cyhalothrin (LCT), each treatment consisted of 30 fishes, replicated three times, 10 fishes per replicate) were used for this study. On day 7, catalase activity (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) significantly increased (p < 0.05) in all treatments compared with control. Day 14, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and GPx significantly increased (p < 0.05). All parameters significantly increased (p < 0.05) on days 21 and 28 except SOD (day 21). All parameters increased significantly on day 28 across the row in all treatments. The significant increase (p < 0.05) in SOD, (malondialdehyde) MDA, GPx, and glutathione reductase (GR) levels returned to normal after 7 days of depuration but CAT level did not return to normal. The testes photomicrographs showed necrotic conditions in the spermatogenic cells with nuclear pyknosis and cytoplasmic swelling while that of the ovary displayed vacuolations, flabby oocytes, and degenerated ovaries changes. Conclusion Lambda-cyhalothrin is toxic to C. gariepinus. The inability of significant increase in CAT to return to normal after 7 days of depuration further confirms our report.

Green Synthesis of Flower-Shaped Copper Oxide and Nickel Oxide Nanoparticles via Capparis decidua Leaf Extract for Synergic Adsorption-Photocatalytic Degradation of Pesticides

“…Several reports have shown that it is abundantly present in water resources [51][52][53] and it is susceptible to entering the trophic chain [54]. L-CHT is highly toxic to amphipods, aquatic invertebrates, fish, and mice [51,[55][56][57][58][59][60]. Humans exposed to cyhalothrin via ingestion of food, inhalation, dermal contact, or drinking water can be exposed to deleterious and harmful effects [56,61].…”

THE EFFECT OF TTHE EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON THE TOXICITY OF LAMBDA-CYHALOTHRIN IN Dreissena polymorpha USING SOME BIOCHEMICAL BIOMARKERS

“…The alterations in all parameters were significantly dose and time dependent (41). Ezenwosu et al, (2021) investigated the effect of λ-cyhalothrin on oxidative stress in Clarias gariepinus. On the 7th day, CAT activity increased, on the 14th day; It was determined that SOD activity increased and there was a significant increase in all parameters except SOD on the 21st and 28th days (42).…”

“…Ezenwosu et al, (2021) investigated the effect of λ-cyhalothrin on oxidative stress in Clarias gariepinus. On the 7th day, CAT activity increased, on the 14th day; It was determined that SOD activity increased and there was a significant increase in all parameters except SOD on the 21st and 28th days (42). Koç and Akçay (2018) investigated the effects of λ-cyhalothrin on Capoeta capoeta (Guldenstaedt 1773) caught from Kars Brook by biochemical and molecular methods.…”

Impairment of the Reproductive System and Mating of Male and Female Black Rats Treated with Lambda-Cyhalothrin Bait and Its Field Application

“…The toxicity degree depends on its dose, method and duration of exposure. LCT is known as a strong agent for biochemical distortion, nervous disruption and oxidative damage (Ezenwosu et al, 2021;Alrawe and ALzibaidy, 2022). Kandil et al (2022a) reported that LCT bait (0.032 %) has rodenticidal efficacy under laboratory and field conditions against black rats (Rattus rattus).…”