Evaluation of laboratory tests for detection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis

Coudron, P E; Jones, D L; Dalton, Harry P.; Archer, Gordon L.

doi:10.1128/jcm.24.5.764-769.1986

Cited by 83 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…In the daily routine different methods for different species and antibiotics are, however, not applicable, and a thorough investigation of the ability of the routine methods to detect MRSA strains is therefore necessary. Investigations and reevaluations of the dilution and diffusion methods used in the USA have been described ( I , 3,13).…”

Section: Factors Inflirencing the Inhibition Zonc Diarnctcrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistance to dicloxacillin, methicillin and oxacillin in methicillin‐susceptible and methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus detected by dilution and diffusion methods

Rosdahl¹,

Frimodt‐Møller²,

Bentzon

1989

APMIS

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Rosdahl, V. T.. Frimodt-MPrller, N. & Bentzon, M. W. Resistance to dicloxacillin, methicillin and oxacillin in methicillin-susceptible and methicillin-resistant Slaphylococcus aureus detected by dilution and diffusion methods. APMlS 97: 7 15-722. 1989.A total of 54 S~aphvlococcus aiireus strains of varying methicillin resistance were investigated for their resistance to methicillin, oxacillin and dicloxacillin by different diffusion tests. Inhibition zones were measured around locally prepared paperdiscs with 10 pg methicillin, 5 and 10 pg oxacillin, 5 and 10 pg dicloxacillin. PDM paperdiscs with 10 pg methicillin or oxacillin and Neo-sensitabs tablets with methicillin or oxacillin. All diffusion tests were performed both with Mueller-Hinton agar and Danish Blood agar as well as at 37 "C and 30 ' C and read after overnight incubation. Differences in zone diameter under different conditions were found to be independent of the susceptibility level of the strains. Seventeen of the strains were detected as methicillin-resistant (MRSA) by two methods including high inoculum and prolonged incubation at 30 "C. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the 54 strains was determined by a plate dilution method at 30 "C and 37 "C. A 10 pg locally prepared methicillin disc detected all MRSA strains with no false reactions either at 37 "C or 30 "C on Mueller-Hinton agar. Investigations with oxacillin discs had to be performed at 30 "C or with a 5 pg disc in order to detect correctly. PDM paperdiscs gave reactions identical to the corresponding locally prepared discs. Methicillin Neo-sensitabs detected all MRSA strains but also included a few susceptible strains among the resistant ones. Addition of blood increased the number of not-detected MRSA strains. All 17 MRSA strains were susceptible to dicloxacillin by the dilution method, and the disc diffusion test showed similar results. Dicloxacillin discs therefore did not detect the presence of MRSA strains. The implications of replacement of the methicillin/oxacillin disc by a dicloxacillin disc are discussed.From 1960 until today the percentage of Danish penicillin-resistant Staphyloccus aureus has increased from 58% to 86% among approximately 500 000 S. aureus strains submitted for phage-typing to the State Seruminstitute, Copenhagen.

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Section: Factors Inflirencing the Inhibition Zonc Diarnctcrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistance to dicloxacillin, methicillin and oxacillin in methicillin‐susceptible and methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus detected by dilution and diffusion methods

Rosdahl¹,

Frimodt‐Møller²,

Bentzon

1989

APMIS

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“…When serious infections are suspected, treatment must commence immediately in order to increase the likelihood of a satisfactory outcome for the patient. With the analysis of bacteria at the genomic level made possible, it has also become clear that culture conditions can alter the phenotypic expression of resistance of bacteria and that in vitro methods often are unreliable procedures to detect resistance patterns (4,16).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Modified PCR‐Based Method for Rapid Non‐Radioactive Detection of Clinically Important Pathogens

Gorelov

Dumon

Barteneva

et al. 1996

Microbiology and Immunology

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We have devised a sensitive and rapid method for the detection of several bacterial pathogens in clinical specimens using PCR. This method has been named Direct Labeling and Detection Procedure (DLDP) and is based on the direct incorporation of a nonradioactive digoxigenin label (DIG-11-dUTP) into a microbial species-specific gene fragment during amplification. Following amplification, the resulting PCR products are cleansed of nonincorporated DIG-11-dUTP, spotted onto a nylon membrane, fixed by UV-crosslinking and the labeled DNA is visualized by digoxigenin detection reagents. Using cultivated reference bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) we were able to demonstrate a rapid and sensitive detection of < 20 CFU of bacteria in human secretions (sputum, urine, mucous). The present study suggests that DLDP can be used as a reliable method for indication of bacteria in clinical or environmental specimens with the proviso that the selected corresponding oligonucleotide primers provide amplification of strong species-specific genes.

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“…After incubation at 37°C for 24 h, zones of inhibition around each antibiotic disk were measured. Cultures used for testing oxacillin resistance were performed as indicated above except MH supplemented with 2% NaCl was used (Coudron et al 1986). Using NCCLS guidelines, each organism was classi®ed as either susceptible, intermediate, or resistant to the antibiotics.…”

Section: Antibiotic Susceptibility Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial susceptibility of staphylococci isolated from the faeces of wild turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo)

DeBoer

Slaughter

Applegate

et al. 2001

Lett Appl Microbiol

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Aims: The purpose of this study was to investigate the staphylococcal flora associated with wild turkey populations. Methods and Results: Faecal samples obtained from 26 wild turkeys over a 16‐month period were inoculated onto mannitol salt agar plates to select for staphylococci. Fifty‐seven randomly chosen isolates were identified as Staphylococcus lentus and their susceptibility determined against clindamycin, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, oxacillin, penicillin G, rifampin, tetracycline, trimethoprim‐sulfamethoxazole, and vancomycin. Resistance was minimal as only 3 isolates showed resistance to clindamycin, 3 isolates were resistant to oxacillin, 3 isolates were resistant to penicillin G, and 1 isolate was resistant to erythromycin. Multiple antibiotic resistance was also minimal. Conclusions: S. lentus is the predominant staphylococcal species associated with wild turkey faeces and antibiotic resistance in these organisms is not problematic. Significance and Impact of the Study: S. lentus has been shown as a potential causative agent of inflammatory reactions in the respiratory tract. Due to increased numbers of wild turkeys and more frequent human exposure, surveys to monitor microbial populations are warranted.

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Evaluation of laboratory tests for detection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis

Cited by 83 publications

References 9 publications

Resistance to dicloxacillin, methicillin and oxacillin in methicillin‐susceptible and methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus detected by dilution and diffusion methods

Resistance to dicloxacillin, methicillin and oxacillin in methicillin‐susceptible and methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus detected by dilution and diffusion methods

A Modified PCR‐Based Method for Rapid Non‐Radioactive Detection of Clinically Important Pathogens

Antimicrobial susceptibility of staphylococci isolated from the faeces of wild turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo)

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