Evaluation of KHSO4 as a recyclable catalyst in the production of dehydrated castor oil to be applied in alkyd resins

Four-Dimensional Printing of Multifunctional Photocurable Resin Based on Waste Cooking Oil

“…The resource utilization of waste cooking oil (WCO) can effectively alleviate the lack of petroleum resources, reduce environmental pollution, and protect people's health. 1,2 Now, there are varying strategies available to achieve the reutilization of WCO that can provide products such as biofuels (biodiesel, 3−5 bioethanol, 6,7 and biogas 8−10 ), biolubricants, 11−13 biosurfactants, 14 alkyd resins, 15 washing products, 16,17 and so forth. Among these, the production of biodiesel from WCO has become the mainstream way for WCO utilization because it is more cost-effective than biodiesels made from other natural oil sources, such as palm, soybean, peanut, or olive oil, while its production requires lower energy consumption and emits minimum greenhouse gas.…”

“…The resource utilization of waste cooking oil (WCO) can effectively alleviate the lack of petroleum resources, reduce environmental pollution, and protect people’s health. , Now, there are varying strategies available to achieve the reutilization of WCO that can provide products such as biofuels (biodiesel, − bioethanol, , and biogas − ), biolubricants, − biosurfactants, alkyd resins, washing products, , and so forth. Among these, the production of biodiesel from WCO has become the mainstream way for WCO utilization because it is more cost-effective than biodiesels made from other natural oil sources, such as palm, soybean, peanut, or olive oil, while its production requires lower energy consumption and emits minimum greenhouse gas. , However, traditional products based on WCO exhibit quite a low-profit margin (often <20%), necessitating a large-scale production line with a sustainable and massive resource supply, which is easily affected by the prices of the raw materials. ,, Thus, the traditional utilization strategy for WCO, such as biodiesel production, is only suitable for large-scale production and requires huge spending on capital, equipment, land, and the workforce in economically strong areas, while a simple, convenient, and low-cost method that could produce WCO-based materials with high technology and added value may be a better choice for WCO utilization in economically underdeveloped areas. , …”

Enhanced Modification of Fast-Growing Wood: Application and Evaluation of Castor Oil-Based Unsaturated Polyester Resin

“…As Figure shows, the signal at 0.88 ppm corresponds to the terminal methyl protons, the peak at 1.30–1.32 ppm is attributed to all of the internal CH 2 groups in the fatty acid chain, and the unsaturation in the fatty acid chain is displayed at 5.36–5.46 ppm. Multiplets observed from 3.56 to 4.26 ppm correspond to protons connected to the OH group or CH 2 . According to Kumar et al, monoglycerides were identified from other triglycerides through the multiplet analysis at 3.56–3.75 ppm.…”

“…Multiplets observed from 3.56 to 4.26 ppm correspond to protons connected to the OH group or CH 2 . 41 According to Kumar et al, 42 monoglycerides were identified from other triglycerides through the multiplet analysis at 3.56− 3.75 ppm. The disappearance of protons connected to the OH group or CH 2 , as well as the signal representing the maleic anhydride backbone (−CH�CH−) at 6.33−6.40 ppm, 43,44 indicates the continuous consumption of the alkoxy group in the reaction.…”

Synthesis and properties of wax based on waste cooking oil

“… 1,2 This indicates that standardized management of WCO has to be set out to harness its impacts. In the last two decades, several recycling and WCO utilization methods have been developed and a variety of products including biodiesel, 3–6 biolubricants, 7,8 alkyd resins, 9 washing products, 10,11 and others were reported. Among these, biodiesel production from WCO has become the most effective way for WCO utilization.…”