Evaluation of K/SnO2 performance as a solid catalyst in the trans-esterification of a mixed plant oil

Goudarzi, Fatemeh; Izadbakhsh, Ali

doi:10.1007/s11144-017-1176-0

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…These authors evaluated the effects of reaction temperature, oil:alcohol molar ratio and catalyst content on the conversion, and concluded that temperature was the factor of greater influence. A statistical model for methyl oleate concentration was developed considering only significant linear terms [Eqn (6)], which presented R 2 = 0.8286. Response surface plots shown in Fig.…”

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The response surfaces shown in Fig. 4 were built using the validated model [Eqn (6)]. Regarding Fig.…”

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among possible routes for FAME production from vegetable oils with a high content of free fatty acids, esterification reactions are considered as a promising alternative, allowing reducing costs, increasing sustainability in biodiesel production and minimizing natural resource consumption . Because the oleaginous reagent comprises 75% of the total cost of biodiesel production, the substitution of traditionally used refined oils with alternative glycerides with high fatty acid oils has been studied through esterification and transesterification reactions, with an homogeneous acid and heterogeneous catalyst in the presence of methanol or ethanol .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of niobium phosphate as heterogeneous catalyst in esterification with methyl acetate

Alves

Pinheiro

Brondani

et al. 2019

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

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BACKGROUND The aim of this work was to investigate the esterification reaction from oleic acid with methyl acetate (MeA) catalyzed by niobium phosphate to produce methyl esters. This catalyst has an amorphous structure and large surface area. Catalytic tests were performed according to an experimental design. The results were analyzed statistically and all of the variables were significant, especially the temperature. RESULTS A kinetic study of the reaction was carried out and the most suitable reaction conditions were 240 °C, 10% (m/m) of catalyst and MeA: oleic acid molar ratio 10:1. After 2 h, it was possible to obtain ≈80% (m/m) methyl oleate content. A noncatalytic test corroborated niobium phosphate activity in the reaction. A kinetic model fitted experimental data for the catalyzed and noncatalyzed reactions; kinetics parameters for Arrhenius equation were estimated. In a reuse test, the catalyst showed a gradual decrease in catalytic activity over five reaction cycles. CONCLUSION Niobium phosphate can be considered as a promising heterogeneous catalyst for biodiesel synthesis. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry

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Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The response surfaces shown in Fig. 4 were built using the validated model [Eqn (6)]. Regarding Fig.…”

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of niobium phosphate as heterogeneous catalyst in esterification with methyl acetate

Alves

Pinheiro

Brondani

et al. 2019

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

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“…[1][2][3] Therefore, the use of solid acid instead of inorganic acid as a catalyst for the esterification reaction has become a hot topic, because solid acids have the advantages of easy separation, no corrosion, good catalytic stability and so on. [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] In our earlier work, we prepared a mesoporous SnO-γ-Al 2 O 3 composite by a seeding-crystallization method, which showed excellent catalytic esterification in the reaction of pentaerythritol and stearic acid, and we found that the tin chloride (SnCl 2 ) shows a significant catalytic effect on the esterification of pentaerythritol and stearic acid. [14] SnCl 2 is an important solid acid catalyst because of its high Lewis acidity and less corrosion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic Esterification of Pentaerythritol over a Mesoporous Composite SnCl₂@HZSM‐5 Catalyst

Mi,

Xiong,

Zhang

et al. 2024

ChemistrySelect

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The mesoporous HZSM‐5 and SnCl2@HZSM‐5 mesoporous composite were prepared by two‐step crystallization and wet impregnation method, respectively. The catalytic esterification performances of SnCl2, HZSM‐5 and SnCl2@HZSM‐5 were compared. SnCl2@HZSM‐5 had the most amount of total and weak acidity, and the weakest acid strength. More total acid content was beneficial to increase pentaerythritol conversion, and the weak acid could improve the selectivity of PETS, and weak acid strength was beneficial to inhibit the formation of carbon deposits. Brönsted and Lewis acid sites were present simultaneously on the SnCl2@HZSM‐5 catalyst. Moreover, some extra Brönsted acid sites were created on the SnCl2@HZSM‐5 catalyst, because the interaction of SnCl2 with HZSM‐5 may result in the exchange of Sn2+ with protons. Both acid sites could catalyze the esterification reaction, and the Brönsted acid site was more beneficial to increasing PETS selectivity. Therefore, SnCl2@HZSM‐5 showed the highest pentaerythritol conversion, PETS selectivity and catalytic stability. The generation of coke and the leaching of Sn were the main cause of catalyst deactivation. Under the optimized process conditions: 105 °C, 4.7 molar ratio of stearic acid and pentaerythritol, 1.2 wt % catalyst amount and 2.5 wt % SnCl2 loading, after 3 h reaction time, the pentaerythritol conversion, PETS selectivity and yield was 99.3 %, 97.2 % and 96.5 %, respectively.

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Microwave-assisted synthesis of malic acid involving hydrochloric acid as catalyst

Ortiz

Jesús

Franceschi

et al. 2017

Reac Kinet Mech Cat

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Evaluation of K/SnO2 performance as a solid catalyst in the trans-esterification of a mixed plant oil

Cited by 8 publications

References 28 publications

Assessment of niobium phosphate as heterogeneous catalyst in esterification with methyl acetate

Assessment of niobium phosphate as heterogeneous catalyst in esterification with methyl acetate

Catalytic Esterification of Pentaerythritol over a Mesoporous Composite SnCl₂@HZSM‐5 Catalyst

Microwave-assisted synthesis of malic acid involving hydrochloric acid as catalyst

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Evaluation of K/SnO2 performance as a solid catalyst in the trans-esterification of a mixed plant oil

Cited by 8 publications

References 28 publications

Assessment of niobium phosphate as heterogeneous catalyst in esterification with methyl acetate

Assessment of niobium phosphate as heterogeneous catalyst in esterification with methyl acetate

Catalytic Esterification of Pentaerythritol over a Mesoporous Composite SnCl2@HZSM‐5 Catalyst

Microwave-assisted synthesis of malic acid involving hydrochloric acid as catalyst

Contact Info

Product

Resources

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Catalytic Esterification of Pentaerythritol over a Mesoporous Composite SnCl₂@HZSM‐5 Catalyst